@article{fdi:010086104,
  title = {{A}n 11-year record of wintertime snow-surface energy balance and sublimation at 4863 m a.s.l. on the {C}hhota {S}higri {G}lacier moraine (western {H}imalaya, {I}ndia)},
  author = {{M}andal, {A}. and {A}ngchuk, {T}. and {A}zam, {M}. {F}. and {R}amanathan, {A}. and {W}agnon, {P}atrick and {S}oheb, {M}. and {S}ingh, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}nalysis of surface energy balance ({SEB}) at the glacier/snow surface is the most comprehensive way to explain the atmosphere-glacier/snow interactions, but that requires extensive data. {I}n this study, we have analysed an 11-year (2009-2020) record of the meteorological dataset from an automatic weather station installed at 4863 m a. s.l. (above sea level) on a lateral moraine of the {C}hhota {S}higri {G}lacier, western {H}imalaya. {T}he study was carried out over the winter months ({D}ecember to {A}pril) to understand {SEB} drivers and snow loses through sublimation {F}urthermore, this study examines the role of cloud cover on {SEB} and turbulent heat fluxes. {T}he turbulent heat fluxes were calculated using the bulk-aerodynamic method, including stability corrections. {T}he net short-wave radiation was the primary energy source. {H}owever, the turbulent heat fluxes dissipated a significant amount of energy. {T}he cloud cover plays an important role in limiting the incoming short-wave radiation by about 70 %. {I}t also restricts the turbulent heat fluxes by more than 60 %, resulting in lower snow sublimation. {D}uring winter, turbulent latent heat flux contributed the largest proportion (64 %) in the total {SEB}, followed by net radiation (25 %) and sensible heat flux (11 %). {S}ublimation rates were 3 times higher in clear-sky than overcast conditions, indicating a strong role of cloud cover in shaping favourable conditions for turbulent latent heat flux by modulating the near-surface boundary layer conditions. {D}ry air, along with high snow-surface temperature and wind speed, favours sublimation {B}esides, we also observed that strong and cold winds, possibly through mid-latitude western disturbances, impede sublimation by bringing high moisture content to the region and cooling the snow surface. {T}he estimated snow sublimation fraction was 16 %-42 % of the total winter snowfall at the study site. {T}his study substantiates that the snow sublimation is an essential variable to be considered in glaciohydrological modelling at the high-mountain {H}imalayan glacierised catchments.},
  keywords = {{INDE} ; {HIMALAYA} ; {CHHOTA} {SHIGRI} {GLACIER}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}ryosphere},
  volume = {16},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {3775--3799},
  ISSN = {1994-0416},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.5194/tc-16-3775-2022},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086104},
}