@article{fdi:010086033,
  title = {{P}recursor-free eruption triggered by edifice rupture at {N}yiragongo volcano},
  author = {{S}mittarello, {D}. and {S}mets, {B}. and {B}arriere, {J}. and {M}ichellier, {C}. and {O}th, {A}. and {S}hreve, {T}. and {G}randin, {R}. and {T}heys, {N}. and {B}renot, {H}. and {C}ayol, {V}. and {A}llard, {P}. and {C}audron, {C}orentin and {C}hevrel, {O}. and {D}archambeau, {F}. and de {B}uyl, {P}. and {D}elhaye, {L}. and {D}erauw, {D}. and {G}anci, {G}. and {G}eirsson, {H}. and {K}aleghetso, {E}. {K}. and {M}akundi, {J}. {K}. and {N}guomoja, {I}. {K}. and {M}ahinda, {C}. {K}. and {K}ervyn, {M}. and {R}uriho, {C}. {K}. and {L}e {M}evel, {H}. and {M}olendijk, {S}. and {N}amur, {O}. and {P}oppe, {S}. and {S}chmid, {M}. and {S}ubira, {J}. and {W}authier, {C}. and {Y}alire, {M}. and d'{O}reye, {N}. and {K}ervyn, {F}. and {M}uhindo, {A}. {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}lassical mechanisms of volcanic eruptions mostly involve pressure buildup and magma ascent towards the surface'. {S}uch processes produce geophysical and geochemical signals that may be detected and interpreted as eruption precursors(1-3) . {O}n 22 {M}ay 2021, {M}ount {N}yiragongo ({D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo), an open-vent volcano with a persistent lava lake perched within its summit crater, shook up this interpretation by producing an approximately six-hour-long flank eruption without apparent precursors, followed-rather than preceded-by lateral magma motion into the crust. {H}ere we show that this reversed sequence was most likely initiated by a rupture of the edifice, producing deadly lava flows and triggering a voluminous 25-km-long dyke intrusion. {T}he dyke propagated southwards at very shallow depth (less than 500 m) underneath the cities of {G}oma ({D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo) and {G}isenyi ({R}wanda), as well as {L}ake {K}ivu. {T}hisvolcanic crisis raises new questions about the mechanisms controlling such eruptions and the possibility of facing substantially more hazardous events, such as effusions within densely urbanized areas, phreato-magmatism or a limnic eruption from the gas-rich {L}ake {K}ivu. {I}t also more generally highlights the challenges faced with open-vent volcanoes for monitoring, early detection and risk management when a significant volume of magma is stored close to the surface.},
  keywords = {{REPUBLIQUE} {DEMOCRATIQUE} {DU} {CONGO} ; {NYIRAGONGO} {VOLCAN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}ature},
  volume = {609},
  numero = {7925},
  pages = {83--88 + 13},
  ISSN = {0028-0836},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1038/s41586-022-05047-8},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086033},
}