%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Amanzougaghene, N.
%A Charlier, P.
%A Fenollar, F.
%A Raoult, D.
%A Mediannikov, Oleg
%T Putative native South Amerindian origin of head lice clade F : evidence from head lice nits infesting human shrunken heads
%D 2022
%L fdi:010084649
%G ENG
%J Scientific Reports - Nature
%@ 2045-2322
%K EQUATEUR ; AMERIQUE DU SUD ; GUYANE FRANÇAISE ; AMAZONIE
%M ISI:000775931400002
%N 1
%P 4307 [7 ]
%R 10.1038/s41598-022-08176-2
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084649
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2022-05/010084649.pdf
%V 12
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X The head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis, is a strictly obligate human ectoparasite with a long history of association with humans. Here, 17 ancient head lice nits were recovered from six shrunken human heads (known as tsantsas) of individuals from the Shuar/Jivaro tribe, a native Amazonian population from Ecuador, South America. Cytochrome b DNA analysis revealed the presence of three known mitochondrial clades. Clade A was the most frequent (52.94%), followed by F (35.29%), and B (11.76%). Eleven haplotypes were found in 17 samples, and nine of the haplotypes were novel, indicating an unusually high genetic diversity. In conclusion, we confirmed the presence of clades A, B and F in South Amerindian population. Moreover, the description of clade F, together with its previous reports in another Amerindian population from French Guiana, strongly support the hypothesis of a native South American origin for this clade, and probably derived from clade B which was carried to America by an ancestral Eurasian Beringian population. Further support to our conclusion and new insights might come from the analysis of a larger collection of modern and ancient native American lice.
%$ 052