@article{fdi:010084649,
  title = {{P}utative native {S}outh {A}merindian origin of head lice clade {F} : evidence from head lice nits infesting human shrunken heads},
  author = {{A}manzougaghene, {N}. and {C}harlier, {P}. and {F}enollar, {F}. and {R}aoult, {D}. and {M}ediannikov, {O}leg},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he head louse, {P}ediculus humanus capitis, is a strictly obligate human ectoparasite with a long history of association with humans. {H}ere, 17 ancient head lice nits were recovered from six shrunken human heads (known as tsantsas) of individuals from the {S}huar/{J}ivaro tribe, a native {A}mazonian population from {E}cuador, {S}outh {A}merica. {C}ytochrome b {DNA} analysis revealed the presence of three known mitochondrial clades. {C}lade {A} was the most frequent (52.94%), followed by {F} (35.29%), and {B} (11.76%). {E}leven haplotypes were found in 17 samples, and nine of the haplotypes were novel, indicating an unusually high genetic diversity. {I}n conclusion, we confirmed the presence of clades {A}, {B} and {F} in {S}outh {A}merindian population. {M}oreover, the description of clade {F}, together with its previous reports in another {A}merindian population from {F}rench {G}uiana, strongly support the hypothesis of a native {S}outh {A}merican origin for this clade, and probably derived from clade {B} which was carried to {A}merica by an ancestral {E}urasian {B}eringian population. {F}urther support to our conclusion and new insights might come from the analysis of a larger collection of modern and ancient native {A}merican lice.},
  keywords = {{EQUATEUR} ; {AMERIQUE} {DU} {SUD} ; {GUYANE} {FRAN}Ç{AISE} ; {AMAZONIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}cientific {R}eports - {N}ature},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {4307 [7 ]},
  ISSN = {2045-2322},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1038/s41598-022-08176-2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084649},
}