@article{fdi:010081120,
  title = {{P}rogress and insights toward an effective placental malaria vaccine},
  author = {{G}amain, {B}. and {C}hene, {A}. and {V}iebig, {N}. {K}. and {T}uikue {N}dam, {N}icaise and {N}ielsen, {M}. {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n areas where {P}lasmodium falciparum transmission is endemic, clinical immunity against malaria is progressively acquired during childhood and adults are usually protected against the severe clinical consequences of the disease. {N}evertheless, pregnant women, notably during their first pregnancies, are susceptible to placental malaria and the associated serious clinical outcomes. {P}lacental malaria is characterized by the massive accumulation of {P}. falciparum infected erythrocytes and monocytes in the placental intervillous spaces leading to maternal anaemia, hypertension, stillbirth and low birth weight due to premature delivery, and foetal growth retardation. {R}emarkably, the prevalence of placental malaria sharply decreases with successive pregnancies. {T}his protection is associated with the development of antibodies directed towards the surface of {P}. falciparum-infected erythrocytes from placental origin. {P}lacental sequestration is mediated by the interaction between {VAR}2{CSA}, a member of the {P}. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 family expressed on the infected erythrocytes surface, and the placental receptor chondroitin sulfate {A}. {VAR}2{CSA} stands today as the leading candidate for a placental malaria vaccine. {W}e recently reported the safety and immunogenicity of two {VAR}2{CSA}-derived placental malaria vaccines ({PRIMVAC} and {PAMVAC}), spanning the chondroitin sulfate {A}-binding region of {VAR}2{CSA}, in both malaria-naive and {P}. falciparum-exposed non-pregnant women in two distinct {P}hase {I} clinical trials ({C}linical{T}rials.gov, {NCT}02658253 and {NCT}02647489). {T}his review discusses recent advances in placental malaria vaccine development, with a focus on the recent clinical data, and discusses the next clinical steps to undertake in order to better comprehend vaccine-induced immunity and accelerate vaccine development.},
  keywords = {{P}lasmodium falciparum ; placental malaria ; {VAR}2{CSA} ; {P}f{EMP}1 ; vaccine ; pregnancy},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {I}mmunology},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {},
  pages = {634508 [8 ]},
  ISSN = {1664-3224},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.3389/fimmu.2021.634508},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010081120},
}