@article{fdi:010080592,
  title = {{C}hanges in the equatorial mode of the {T}ropical {A}tlantic in terms of the {B}jerknes {F}eedback {I}ndex},
  author = {{S}ilva, {P}. and {W}ainer, {I}. and {K}hodri, {M}yriam},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}ne of the main modes of sea surface temperature variability in the {T}ropical {A}tlantic is the {A}tlantic {E}quatorial {M}ode or {A}tlantic {N}ino. {T}he region of largest interannual variability, where the {A}tlantic {C}old {T}ongue forms, is also a region of consistent biases in climate models. {I}n this study, we investigate the interannual variability of the {T}ropical {A}tlantic and its changes in the recent decades in terms of the {B}jerknes {F}eedback {I}ndex ({I}-{BJ}) in a set of seven ocean reanalyses for the periods 1980-1999 and 2000-2010. {D}ifferences were observed among the reanalyses regarding their representation of each term of the {B}jerknes {F}eedback, particularly regarding zonal surface currents, leading to differences in dynamical damping and the zonal advective feedback. {H}owever, a consistent negative index (damped) is observed in all reanalysis, with the thermocline feedback being the dominant positive term and thermal damping the dominant negative term. {W}arming trends are observed in sea surface temperatures in the cold tongue region in all reanalyses, as well as a decrease in interannual variability. {T}hese in turn are associated with a weakening in the {B}jerknes {F}eedback in the early {XXI} century, indicated by a stronger and negative index. {T}his results from a stronger thermal damping and weaker thermocline feedback, associated with a weaker response of equatorial zonal thermocline slope to equatorial zonal wind stress. {D}espite the spread among the reanalysis, the results obtained are consistent with previous studies.},
  keywords = {{B}jerknes {F}eedback ; {E}quatorial {A}tlantic ; {O}cean reanalysis ; {T}ropical variability ; {ATLANTIQUE} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}limate {D}ynamics},
  volume = {56},
  numero = {9-10},
  pages = {3005--3024},
  ISSN = {0930-7575},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1007/s00382-021-05627-w},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010080592},
}