@article{fdi:010078012,
  title = {{P}attern of antibody responses to {P}lasmodium falciparum antigens in individuals differentially exposed to {A}nopheles bites},
  author = {{A}ka, {K}. {G}. and {T}raore, {D}. {F}. and {S}agna, {A}. {B}. and {Z}oh, {D}. {D}. and {A}ssi, {S}. {B}. and {T}chiekoi, {B}. {N}. and {A}dja, {A}. {M}. and {R}emou{\'e}, {F}ranck and {P}oinsignon, {A}nne},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {I}n malaria-endemic areas, human populations are frequently exposed to immunomodulatory salivary components injected during mosquito blood feeding. {T}he consequences on pathogen-specific immune responses are not well known. {T}his study evaluated and compared the humoral responses specific to merozoite stage vaccine candidates of {P}lasmodium falciparum, in children differentially exposed to {A}nopheles bites in a natural setting. {M}ethods {T}he cross-sectional study was carried out in {B}ouake ({C}ote d'{I}voire) where entomological data and blood samples from children (0-14 years) were collected in two sites with similar malaria prevalence. {A}ntibody ({I}g{G}, {I}g{G}1, {I}g{G}3) responses to {P}f{AMA}1 and {P}f{MSP}1 were evaluated by {ELISA}. {U}nivariate and multivariate analysis were performed to assess the relationship between the immune responses to {P}. falciparum antigens and exposure to {A}nopheles bites in the total cohort and in each site, separately. {T}he individual level of exposure to {A}nopheles bites was evaluated by quantifying specific {I}g{G} response to the {A}nopheles g{SG}6-{P}1 salivary peptide, which represents a proxy of {A}nopheles exposure. {R}esults {T}he anti-{P}lasmodium humoral responses were different according to the level of exposure of children, with those highly exposed to {A}nopheles presenting significantly lower antibody responses to {P}f{MSP}1 in total population ({I}g{G} and {I}g{G}3) and in {P}etessou village ({I}g{G}, {I}g{G}1, {I}g{G}3). {N}o significant difference was seen for {P}f{AMA}1 antigen between children differently exposed to {A}nopheles. {I}n {D}ar-es-{S}alam, a neighbourhood where a high {C}ulex density was reported, children presented very low antibody levels specific to both antigens, and no difference according to the exposure to {A}nopheles bites was found. {C}onclusion {T}hese findings may suggest that immunomodulatory components of {A}nopheles saliva, in addition to other factors, may participate to the modulation of the humoral response specific to {P}lasmodium merozoite stage antigens. {T}his epidemiological observation may form a starting point for additional work to decipher the role of mosquito saliva on the modulation of the anti-{P}lasmodium acquired immunity and clinical protection in combining both field and ex vivo immunological studies.},
  keywords = {{P}lasmodium falciparum ; {M}alaria ; {I}mmunity ; {S}alivary proteins ; {A}nopheles ; {E}xposure ; {I}mmunomodulation ; {COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {BOUAKE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {19},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {83 [12 ]},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1186/s12936-020-03160-5},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010078012},
}