@article{fdi:010077299,
  title = {{F}ecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing {E}nterobacteriaceae in hospital and community settings in {C}had},
  author = {{M}ahamat, {O}. {O}. and {T}idjani, {A}. and {L}ounnas, {M}anon and {H}ide, {M}. and {B}enavides, {J}. and {S}omasse, {C}. and {O}uedraogo, {A}. {S}. and {S}anou, {S}. and {C}arriere, {C}. and {B}anuls, {A}nne-{L}aure and {J}ean-{P}ierre, {H}. and {D}umont, {Y}. and {G}odreuil, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {F}ecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing {E}nterobacteriaceae ({ESBL}-{PE}) remains poorly documented in {A}frica. {T}he objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of {ESBL}-{PE} fecal carriage in {C}had. {M}ethods {I}n total, 200 fresh stool samples were collected from 100 healthy community volunteers and 100 hospitalized patients from {J}anuary to {M}arch 2017. {A}fter screening using {ESBL}-selective agar plates and species identification by {MALDI}-{TOF} mass spectrometry, antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method, and {ESBL} production confirmed with the double-disc synergy test. {T}he different {ESBL} genes in potential {ESBL}-producing isolates were detected by {PCR} and double stranded {DNA} sequencing. {E}scherichia coli phylogenetic groups were determined using a {PCR}-based method. {R}esults {ESBL}-{PE} fecal carriage prevalence was 44.5% (51% among hospitalized patients vs 38% among healthy volunteers; p < 0.05). {ESBL}-producing isolates were mostly {E}scherichia coli (64/89) and {K}lebsiella pneumoniae (16/89). {PCR} and sequencing showed that 98.8% (87/89) of {ESBL}-{PE} harbored bla({CTX}-{M}) genes: bla({CTX}-{M}-15) in 94.25% (82/87) and bla({CTX}-{M})-(14) in 5.75% (5/87). {P}hylogroup determination by quadruplex {PCR} indicated that {ESBL}-producing {E}. coli isolates belonged to group {A} (n = 17; 27%), {C} (n = 17; 27%), {B}2 (n = 9; 14%), {B}1 (n = 8; 13%), {D} (n = 8; 13%), {E} (n = 1; 1.6%), and {F} (n = 1; 1.6%). {T}he {ST}131 clone was identified in 100% (9/9) of {E}. coli {B}2 strains. {C}onclusions {T}he high fecal carriage rate of {ESBL}-{PE} associated with {CTX}-{M}-15 in hospital and community settings of {C}had highlights the risk for resistance transmission between non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria.},
  keywords = {{ESBL} ; {E}nterobacteriaceae ; {F}ecal carriage ; {C}had ; {TCHAD}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}ntimicrobial {R}esistance and {I}nfection {C}ontrol},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {art. 169 [7 ]},
  ISSN = {2047-2994},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13756-019-0626-z},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077299},
}