@incollection{fdi:010076426,
  title = {{F}rench territories in the {W}estern {I}ndian {O}cean},
  author = {{B}igot, {L}. and {C}habanet, {P}ascale and {C}uet, {P}. and {C}auvin, {B}. and {D}urville, {P}. and {M}ulochau, {T}. and {N}aim, {O}. and {N}icet, {J}.{B}. and {T}essier, {E}. and {T}homassin, {B}. and {W}ickel, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n the {S}outh {I}ndian {O}cean, {F}rench territories include {R}eunion ({M}ascarene archipelago), {M}ayotte ({C}omoros archipelago) and the remote {I}les {E}parses in the {M}ozambique {C}hannel ({G}lorieuses, {J}uan de {N}ova, {B}assas da {I}ndia, {E}uropa), and {T}romelin, {N}orth-{E}ast of {M}adagascar. {T}heir coral reefs are varied, from 18 km2 of fringing reefs in {R}eunion to 1500 km2 of fringing, barrier and double barrier reefs in {M}ayotte, caye reefs in {G}lorieuses and {T}romelin to atolls in {J}uan de {N}ova, {B}assas da {I}ndia and {E}uropa. {P}ressures on them vary from 850,000 inhabitants in {R}eunion to no permanent inhabitants in {I}les {E}parses. {A}nnual monitoring of {R}eunion and {M}ayotte shows a gradual decrease in coral cover and fish biomass, due to overfishing. {Y}et an exceptional biodiversity is recorded in {M}ayotte, mainly due to its geographical position at the center of the {WIO} coral triangle, and the variety of reef habitats. {I}n the remote {I}les {E}parses, more recent monitoring showed a remarkable state of coral reefs and their exceptional fish biomass. {T}hese coral reefs are under human threats mainly due to coastal development and land-based pollution, except for {I}les {E}parses. {C}limate change has an impact through coral bleaching whose effects are stronger for reefs in the {N}orth of the {M}ozambique {C}hannel. {T}he impact of the 2016 bleaching event was variable on islands but most corals showed signs of resistance with a good recovery of coral colonies. {I}n order to limit degradation and overexploitation of reef resources, national marine protected areas ({MPA}s) have been made in all {F}rench islands: 2007 in {R}eunion, 2010 in {M}ayotte, and 2012 in {G}lorieuses while all {I}les {E}parses have been under protection for more than 20 years. {D}espite this, {I}les {E}parses are beginning to suffer from illegal fishing, including collection of holothurians and perhaps shells, particularly since 2012. {L}ong-term monitoring is essential to describe trends in coral communities in the context of increasing human impact and climate change.},
  keywords = {{ILE} ; {CONSERVATION} {DE} {LA} {NATURE} ; {GESTION} {DE} {L}'{ENVIRONNEMENT} ; {RECIF} {CORALLIEN} ; {BIOLOGIE} {MARINE} ; {CLIMAT} ; {ANTHROPISATION} ; {SYNECOLOGIE} ; {FAUNE} {ICHTYOLOGIQUE} ; {AVIFAUNE} ; {SURPECHE} ; {POLLUTION} {MARINE} ; {INDICATEUR} {ECOLOGIQUE} ; {CHANGEMENT} {CLIMATIQUE} ; {BLANCHISSEMENT} {CORALLIEN} ; {OCEAN} {INDIEN} {ILES} ; {REUNION} ; {MAYOTTE} ; {EPARSES} {ILES} ; {MOZAMBIQUE} {CANAL}},
  booktitle = {{W}orld seas : an environmental evaluation. {V}ol. {II} : the {I}ndian {O}cean to the {P}acific},
  numero = {},
  pages = {279--302},
  address = {{N}ew {Y}ork},
  publisher = {{E}lsevier},
  series = {},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1016/{B}978-0-08-100853-9.00011-7},
  ISBN = {978-0-08-100853-9},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010076426},
}