@article{fdi:010075687,
  title = {{PIRATA} : a sustained observing system for {T}ropical {A}tlantic climate research and forecasting},
  author = {{B}ourl{\`e}s, {B}ernard and {A}raujo, {M}. and {M}c{P}haden, {M}. {J}. and {B}randt, {P}. and {F}oltz, {G}. {R}. and {L}umpkin, {R}. and {G}iordani, {H}. and {H}ernandez, {F}abrice and {L}ef{\`e}vre, {N}athalie and {N}obre, {P}. and {C}ampos, {E}. and {S}aravanan, {R}. and {T}rotte-{D}uha, {J}. and {D}engler, {M}. and {H}ahn, {J}. and {H}ummels, {R}. and {L}ubbecke, {J}. {F}. and {R}ouault, {M}. and {C}otrim, {L}. and {S}utton, {A}. and {J}ochum, {M}. and {P}erez, {R}. {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{P}rediction and {R}esearch {M}oored {A}rray in the {T}ropical {A}tlantic ({PIRATA}) is a multinational program initiated in 1997 in the tropical {A}tlantic to improve our understanding and ability to predict ocean-atmosphere variability. {PIRATA} consists of a network of moored buoys providing meteorological and oceanographic data transmitted in real time to address fundamental scientific questions as well as societal needs. {T}he network is maintained through dedicated yearly cruises, which allow for extensive complementary shipboard measurements and provide platforms for deployment of other components of the {T}ropical {A}tlantic {O}bserving {S}ystem. {T}his paper describes network enhancements, scientific accomplishments and successes obtained from the last 10years of observations, and additional results enabled by cooperation with other national and international programs. {C}apacity building activities and the role of {PIRATA} in a future {T}ropical {A}tlantic {O}bserving {S}ystem that is presently being optimized are also described. {P}lain {L}anguage {S}ummary {L}ong data records are essential for improving our understanding of the weather and climate, their variability and predictability, and how the climate may change in the future in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. {C}limate variability in the tropical {A}tlantic {O}cean has strong impacts on the coastal climate in particular and, consequently, the economies of the surrounding regions. {S}ince 1997, the {P}rediction and {R}esearch {M}oored {A}rray in the {T}ropical {A}tlantic ({PIRATA}) program has maintained a network of moored buoys in the tropical {A}tlantic in order to provide instantaneous high-quality data to research scientists and weather forecasters around the world. {T}his paper describes {PIRATA} successes in terms of scientific discoveries and observing technology enhancements. {P}erspectives are also provided on {PIRATA}'s role in the future {T}ropical {A}tlantic {O}bserving {S}ystem, currently under design, that will consist of a variety of coordinated measurements from satellites, ships, buoys, and other ocean technologies.},
  keywords = {{ATLANTIQUE} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}arth and {S}pace {S}cience},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {577--616},
  ISSN = {2333-5084},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1029/2018ea000428},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075687},
}