@article{fdi:010075520,
  title = {{G}lacier ablation and temperature indexed melt models in the {N}epalese {H}imalaya},
  author = {{L}itt, {M}. and {S}hea, {J}. and {W}agnon, {P}atrick and {S}teiner, {J}. and {K}och, {I}. and {S}tigter, {E}. and {I}mmerzeel, {W}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}emperature index ({TI}) models are convenient for modelling glacier ablation since they require only a few input variables and rely on simple empirical relations. {T}he approach is generally assumed to be reliable at lower elevations (below 3500 m above sea level, a.s.l) where air temperature ({T}-a) relates well to the energy inputs driving melt. {W}e question this approach in {H}igh {M}ountain {A}sia ({HMA}). {W}e study in-situ meteorological drivers of glacial ablation at two sites in central {N}epal, between 2013 and 2017, using data from six automatic weather stations ({AWS}). {D}uring the monsoon, surface melt dominates ablation processes at lower elevations (between 4950 and 5380 m a.s.l.). {A}s net shortwave radiation ({SW}net) is the main energy input at the glacier surface, albedo (alpha) and cloudiness play key roles while being highly variable in space and time. {F}or these cases only, ablation can be calculated with a {TI} model, or with an {E}nhanced {TI} ({ETI}) model that includes a shortwave radiation ({SW}) scheme and site specific ablation factors. {I}n the ablation zone during other seasons and during all seasons in the accumulation zone, sublimation and other wind-driven ablation processes also contribute to mass loss, and remain unresolved with {TI} or {ETI} methods.},
  keywords = {{NEPAL} ; {HIMALAYA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}cientific {R}eports - {N}ature},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 5264 [13p.]},
  ISSN = {2045-2322},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1038/s41598-019-41657-5},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075520},
}