@article{fdi:010075300,
  title = {{L}ead, zinc, and copper redistributions in soils along a deposition gradient from emissions of a {P}b-{A}g smelter decommissioned 100 years ago},
  author = {{G}elly, {R}. and {F}ekiacova, {Z}. and {G}uihou, {A}. and {D}oelsch, {E}. and {D}eschamps, {P}ierre and {K}eller, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}ourcing and understanding the fate of anthropogenic metals in a historical contamination context is challenging. {H}ere we combined elemental and isotopic ({P}b, {Z}n, {C}u) analyses with {X}-ray {A}bsorption {S}pectroscopy ({XAS}) measurements ({Z}n) to trace the fate, in undisturbed soil profiles, of historical metal contamination emitted by a 167-year-old {P}b-{A}g smelter decommissioned 100 years ago located in the {C}alanques {N}ational {P}ark ({M}arseilles, {F}rance). {L}ead isotopic measurements show that entire soil profiles were affected by 74 years of {P}b emissions up to similar to 7 km from the smelter under the main {NNW} wind, and indicate particulate transfer down to 0.8 m at depth. {T}his vertical mobility of anthropogenic {P}b contrasts with previous studies where {P}b was immobilized in surface horizons. {T}he contribution of anthropogenic {P}b to the total {P}b concentration in soil was estimated at 95% in surface horizons, and 78% in the deepest horizons. {Z}inc isotopic signatures of past emissions that are enriched in light isotopes compared to the natural geological background (-0.70 +/- 0.04% and -0.15 +/- 0.02%, respectively), were detected only in the surface horizons of the studied soils. {U}sing {XAS} analyses, we showed that anthropogenic {Z}n was transformed and immobilized in surface horizons as {Z}n-{L}ayered {D}ouble {H}ydroxide, thus favoring the enrichment in heavy isotopes in these surface horizons. {N}o clear evidence of copper contamination by the smelter was found and {C}u isotopes point to a bedrock origin and a natural distribution of {C}u concentrations.},
  keywords = {{M}etal contamination ; {S}table isotopes ; {H}istorical contamination ; {M}etal cycling ; {S}melting ; {FRANCE} ; {CALANQUES} {PARC} {NATIONAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}cience of the {T}otal {E}nvironment},
  volume = {665},
  numero = {},
  pages = {502--512},
  ISSN = {0048-9697},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.092},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075300},
}