@article{fdi:010074249,
  title = {{W}ater and soil resources response to rising levels of atmospheric {CO}2 concentration and to changes in precipitation and air temperature},
  author = {{C}haplot, {V}incent},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he quantification of the diverse responses of soils and terrestrial fresh water to elevated levels of greenhouse gases and to climate change is crucial for the proper management of natural ecosystems in the future. {D}espite previous experiments and simulations, there is still a need for the evaluation of the impact of these global changes at the watershed level. {T}he main objective of this paper is to examine the effects of increasing {CO}2 concentrations and rainfall changes associated with changes in average daily rainfall intensity, and surface air temperature on loads of water, {NO}3-{N} and sediments from watersheds exhibiting different environmental conditions. {T}he interactively coupled ({CO}2-climate-landuse) {S}oil and {W}ater {A}ssessment {T}ool ({SWAT}) was used to predict the effect of variations in precipitation and rainfall intensity (a 10%, 20% and 40% increase or decrease) or surface air temperature (an increase of 0.5 and 3.5 degrees {C} in the mean winter temperature) associated with an increase {O}f {CO}2 concentration from 330 to 950 ppm in two agricultural watersheds in {I}owa and {T}exas. {O}ver a 100-year simulated period: (1) precipitation changes primarily affected flow and sediment discharges white temperature and changes in atmospheric {CO}2 concentration had a smaller effect; (2) {CO}2 concentration was the main controlling factor of {NO}3-{N} loads; and (3) global changes in the humid watershed had a greater effect on the water and soil resources than in the semi-arid. {I}n particular, increasing precipitations in the humid watershed significantly increased the median and interquartile of outputs of all the variables under consideration. {I}n contrast, changes in surface air temperature had only a slight impact on loads. {H}owever higher temperatures in the more humid site tended to reduce the highest loads. {T}hese results demonstrate that changes in {CO}2 concentration and climate, particularly an increase in precipitation, had significant effects on the soil and fresh water resources. {T}he magnitude of these effects differed according to the watershed's characteristics. {F}inally, the general applicability of these results and the limits of the approach are discussed.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {H}ydrology},
  volume = {337},
  numero = {},
  pages = {159--171},
  ISSN = {0022-1694},
  year = {2007},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.01.026},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010074249},
}