@article{fdi:010073608,
  title = {{X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis from sputum and stool samples in a high {TB}-{HIV}-prevalent setting},
  author = {{O}rikiriza, {P}. and {N}ansumba, {M}. and {N}yehangane, {D}. and {B}astard, {M}. and {M}ugisha, {I}. {T}. and {N}ansera, {D}. and {M}wanga-{A}mumpaire, {J}. and {B}oum, {Y}. and {K}umbakumba, {E}. and {B}onnet, {M}aryline},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} assay is a major advance for diagnosis of tuberculosis ({TB}) in high-burden countries but is limited in children by their difficulty to produce sputum. {W}e investigated {TB} in sputum and stool from children with the aim of improving paediatric {TB} diagnosis. {A} prospective cohort of children with presumptive {TB}, provided two sputum or induced sputum at enrolment in a regional referral hospital in {U}ganda. {S}tool was collected from those started on {TB} treatment. {A}ll specimen were tested for {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF}, mycobacteria growth indicator tube ({MGIT}), {L}owenstein {J}ensen cultures and microscopy (except stool). {W}e compared {TB} detection between age categories and assessed the performance of {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} in sputum and stool. {O}f the 392 children enrolled, 357 (91.1%) produced at least one sputum sample. {S}putum culture yield was 13/357 (3.6%): 3/109 (2.6%), 3/89 (3.2%), 3/101 (2.6%) and 4/44 (8.2%) among children of < 2, 2-5, ae<yen> 5-10 and > 10 years, respectively (p = 0.599). {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} yield was 14/350 (4.0%): 3/104 (2.9%), 4/92 (4.3%), 3/88 (2.9%) and 4/50 (.0%), respectively (p = 0.283). {S}ensitivity and specificity of {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} in sputum against sputum culture were 90.9% (95% {CI} 58.7-99.8) and 99.1% (99.1-99.8). {I}n stool, it was 55.6% (21.2-86.3) and 98.2% (98.2-100) against {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} and culture in sputum. {O}nly a minority of children had microbiologically confirmed {TB} with a higher proportion in children above 10 years. {A}lthough sensitivity of {X}pert {MTB}/{RIF} in stool was low, with good optimization, it might be a good alternative to sputum in children.},
  keywords = {{C}hildhood tuberculosis ; {S}tool ; {S}putum ; {X}pert{MTB}/{RIF} ; {OUGANDA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}uropean {J}ournal of {C}linical {M}icrobiology and {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {37},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {1465--1473},
  ISSN = {0934-9723},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10096-018-3272-0},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073608},
}