@article{fdi:010073599,
  title = {{A}edes aegypti in the {B}lack {S}ea : recent introduction or ancient remnant ?},
  author = {{K}otsakiozi, {P}. and {G}loria-{S}oria, {A}. and {S}chaffner, {F}. and {R}obert, {V}incent and {P}owell, {J}. {R}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {T}he yellow fever mosquito {A}edes aegypti transmits viral diseases that have plagued humans for centuries. {I}ts ancestral home are forests of {A}frica and similar to 400-600 years ago it invaded the {N}ew {W}orld and later {E}urope and {A}sia, causing some of the largest epidemics in human history. {T}he species was rarely detected in countries surrounding the {M}editerranean {S}ea after the 1950s, but during the last 16 years it re-appeared in {M}adeira, {R}ussia and in the eastern coast of the {B}lack {S}ea. {W}e genotyped {A}e. aegypti populations from the {B}lack {S}ea region to investigate whether this is a recent invasion (and if so, where it came from) or a remnant of pre-eradication populations that extended across the {M}editerranean. {W}e also use the {B}lack {S}ea populations together with a world reference panel of populations to shed more light into the phylogeographical history of this species. {R}esults: {M}icrosatellites and similar to 19,000 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms ({SNP}s) support the monophyletic origin of all populations outside {A}frica, with the {N}ew {W}orld as the site of first colonization. {C}onsidering the phylogenetic relationships, the {B}lack {S}ea populations are basal to all {A}sian populations sampled. {B}ayesian analyses combined with multivariate analyses on both types of markers suggest that the {B}lack {S}ea population is a remnant of an older population. {A}pproximate {B}ayesian {C}omputation {A}nalysis indicates with equal probability, that the origin of {B}lack {S}ea populations was {A}sia or {N}ew {W}orld and assignment tests favor the {N}ew {W}orld. {C}onclusions: {O}ur results confirmed that {A}e. aegypti left {A}frica and arrived in {N}ew {W}orld similar to 500 years ago. {T}he lineage that returned to the {O}ld {W}orld and gave rise to present day {A}sia and the {B}lack {S}ea populations split from the {N}ew {W}orld approximately 100-150 years ago. {G}lobally, the {B}lack {S}ea population is genetically closer to {A}sia, but still highly differentiated from both {N}ew {W}orld and {A}sian populations. {T}his evidence, combined with bottleneck signatures and divergence time estimates, support the hypothesis of present day {B}lack {S}ea populations being remnants of older populations, likely the now extinct {M}editerranean populations that, consistent with the historic epidemiological record, likely represent the original return of {A}e. aegypti to the {O}ld {W}orld.},
  keywords = {{Y}ellow fever mosquito ; {E}volutionary history ; {P}hylogeny ; {A}rbovirus vector ; {P}opulation genetics ; {SNP}s ; {M}icrosatellites ; {MER} {NOIRE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. no 396 [13 ]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-018-2933-2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073599},
}