@article{fdi:010073369,
  title = {{O}rigin, development and demise of the 2010–2011 {B}enguela {N}ino},
  author = {{R}ouault, {M}. and {I}llig, {S}erena and {L}übbecke, {J}. and {I}mbol {K}oungue, {R}.{A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} {B}enguela {N}ino developed in {N}ovember 2010 and lasted for 5 months along the {A}ngolan and {N}amibian coastlines. {M}aximum amplitude was reached in {J}anuary 2011 with an interannual monthly {S}ea {S}urface {T}emperature anomaly larger than 4°{C} at the {A}ngola {B}enguela {F}ront. {I}t was the warmest event since 1995. {C}onsistent with previous {B}enguela {N}iños, this event was generated by a relaxation of the trade winds in the western equatorial {A}tlantic, which triggered a strong equatorial {K}elvin wave propagating eastward along the equator and then southward along the southwest {A}frican coast. {I}n the equatorial band, the associated ocean sub-surface temperature anomaly clearly shows up in data from the {PIRATA} mooring array. {T}he dynamical signature is also detected by altimetry derived {S}ea {S}urface {H}eight and is well reproduced by an {O}cean {L}inear {M}odel. {I}n contrast to previous {B}enguela {N}iños, the initial propagation of sub-surface temperature anomalies along the equator started in {O}ctober and the associated warming in the {A}ngolan {B}enguela {F}ront {Z}one followed on as early as {N}ovember 2010. {T}he warming was then advected further south in the {N}orthern {B}enguela upwelling system as far as 25°{S} by an anomalously strong poleward sub-surface current. {D}emise of the event was triggered by stronger than normal easterly winds along the {E}quator in {A}pril and {M}ay 2011 leading to above normal shoaling of the thermocline along the {E}quator and the south-west {A}frican coastline off {A}ngola and an associated abnormal equatorward current at the {A}ngola {B}enguela {F}ront in {A}pril and {M}ay 2011.},
  keywords = {{ATLANTIQUE} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE} ; {ANGOLA} ; {NAMIBIE} ; {BENGUELA} {COURANT} ; {ANGOLA} {COURANT}},
  booktitle = {{B}enguela : opportunity, challenge and change},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {M}arine {S}ystems},
  numero = {},
  pages = {39--48},
  ISSN = {0924-7963},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jmarsys.2017.07.007},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073369},
}