@article{fdi:010073154,
  title = {{D}etection of bacterial pathogens in clade {E} head lice collected from {N}iger's refugees in {A}lgeria},
  author = {{L}ouni, {M}. and {A}manzougaghene, {N}. and {M}ana, {N}. and {F}enollar, {F}. and {R}aoult, {D}. and {B}itam, {I}. and {M}ediannikov, {O}leg},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {H}ead lice, {P}ediculus humanus capitis, are obligate blood-sucking parasites. {P}hylogenetically, they occur in five divergent mitochondrial clades ({A}, {D}, {B}, {C} and {E}), each having a particular geographical distribution. {R}ecent studies have revealed that head lice, as is the case of body lice, can act as a vector for louse-borne diseases. {H}ere, we aimed to study the genetic diversity of head lice collected from {N}iger's refugees (migrant population) arriving in {A}lgeria, northern {A}frica, and to look for louse-borne pathogens. {C}omparative head lice samples collected from indigenous population of schoolchildren (non-immigrant) were also analyzed to frame the study. {R}esults: {I}n this study, 37 head lice samples were collected from 31 {N}igerien refugees, as well as 45 head lice from 27 schoolchildren. {T}he collection was established in three localities of eastern {A}lgiers, north {A}lgeria. {Q}uantitative real-time {PCR} screening of pathogens bacteria and the genetic characterisation of the head lice satut were performed. {T}hrough amplification and sequencing of the cytb gene, results showed that all head lice of {N}igerien refugees 37/82 (45.12%) belonged to clade {E} with the presence of four new haplotypes, while, of the 45 head lice of schoolchildren, 34/82 lice (41.46%) belonged to clade {A} and 11/82 (13.41%) belonged to clade {B}. {O}ur study is the first to report the existence of clade {E} haplogroup in {N}igerien head lice. {DNA} of {C}oxiella burnetii was detected in 3/37 (8.10%) of the head lice collected from 3 of the 31 (9.67%) migrant population. {W}e also revealed the presence of {A}cinetobacter {DNA} in 20/37 (54.05%) of head lice collected from 25/31 (80.64%) of the {N}igerien refugees, and in 25/45 (55.55%) head lice collected from 15/27 (55.55%) schoolchildren. {A}ll positive {N}igerien-head lice for {A}cinetobacter spp. were identified as {A}. baumannii, while positive schoolchildren-head lice were identified as {A}. johnsonii 15/25 (60%), {A}. variabilis 8/25 (32%) and {A}. baumannii 2/25 (8%). {C}onclusions: {B}ased on these findings from head lice collected on migrant and non-migrant population, our results show, for the first time, that head lice from {N}iger belong to haplogroup {E}, and confirm that the clade {E} had a west {A}frican distribution. {W}e also detected, for the first time, the presence of {C}. burnetii and {A}. baumannii in these {N}igerien head lice. {N}evertheless, further studies are needed to determine whether the head lice can transmit these pathogenic bacteria from one person to another.},
  keywords = {{P}ediculus humanus capitis ; {H}ead lice ; {N}iger's refugees ; {S}cholchildren ; {M}igrant population ; {N}on-migrant population ; {C}oxiella burnetii ; {A}cinetobacter spp. ; {A}lgeria ; {NIGER} ; {ALGERIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 348 [11 p.]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-018-2930-5},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073154},
}