@article{fdi:010072847,
  title = {{G}enetic footprints of adaptive divergence in the bracovirus of {C}otesia sesamiae identified by targeted resequencing},
  author = {{G}authier, {J}. and {G}ayral, {P}. and {L}e {R}ü, {B}runo and {J}ancek, {S}. and {D}upas, {S}t{\'e}phane and {K}aiser, {L}. and {G}yapay, {G}. and {H}erniou, {E}. {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {A}frican parasitoid wasp {C}otesia sesamiae is a generalist species structured in locally adapted populations showing differences in host range. {T}he recent discovery of {C}otesia typhae, a specialist, sister species to {C}. sesamiae, provides a good framework to study the genetic determinants of parasitoid host range. {T}o investigate the genomic bases of divergence between these populations and species, we used a targeted sequencing approach on 24 samples. {W}e targeted the bracovirus genomic region encoding virulence genes involved in the interaction with the lepidopteran hosts of the wasps. {H}igh sequencing coverage was obtained for all samples, allowing the study of genetic variation between wasp populations and species. {B}y combining population genetic estimations, such as nucleotide diversity (pi), relative differentiation ({F}-{ST}) and absolute divergence (d(xy)), with branch-site d{N}/d{S} measures, we identified six of 98 bracovirus genes showing significant divergence and evidence of positive selection. {T}hese genes, belonging to different gene families, are potentially involved in host adaptation and in the specialization process. {F}ine-scale analyses of genetic variation also revealed mutations and large deletions in certain genes inducing pseudogenization and loss of function. {T}he image emerging from these results is that adaptation mediated by bracovirus genes happens through selection of particularly adaptive alleles and loss of nonadaptive genes. {T}hese results highlight the central role of the bracovirus in the molecular interactions between the wasps and their hosts and in the evolutionary processes of specialization.},
  keywords = {genetic differentiation ; host specialization ; {H}ymenoptera : {B}raconidae : {M}icrogastrinae ; polydnavirus ; population genomics ; pseudogenization ; selection pressure ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}olecular {E}cology},
  volume = {27},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {2109--2123},
  ISSN = {0962-1083},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1111/mec.14574},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072847},
}