@article{fdi:010072792,
  title = {{C}irculation changes in the {E}astern {M}editerranean sea over the past 23,000 years inferred from authigenic {N}d isotopic ratios},
  author = {{C}ornuault, {M}. and {T}achikawa, {K}. and {V}idal, {L}. and {G}uihou, {A}. and {S}iani, {G}. and {D}eschamps, {P}ierre and {B}assinot, {F}. and {R}evel, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {E}astern {M}editerranean {S}ea ({EMS}) is a key region to study circulation change because of its own thermohaline circulation. {I}n this study, we focused on intermediate/deep water circulation since the {L}ast {G}lacial {M}aximum ({LGM}) including the sapropel {S}1 period. {T}wo cores from the {L}evantine {S}ea and the {S}trait of {S}icily, respectively, collected at 1,780 m and 771 m water depth, were studied using {N}d-143/{N}d-144 (epsilon({N}d)) of foraminiferal tests and leachates as well as benthic foraminiferal stable isotopes (delta {C}-13, delta {O}-18). {T}his approach allowed the determination of variations in (1) the {N}orth {A}tlantic water contribution to the {M}editerranean basin, (2) water exchanges at the {S}trait of {S}icily, and (3) the influence of the {N}ile {R}iver over the last 23,000 years. {D}uring the {LGM}, high benthic foraminiferal delta {C}-13 values indicate well-ventilated intermediate and deep waters in the {EMS}. {T}he epsilon({N}d) values were more radiogenic than at present, reflecting a smaller contribution of unradiogenic {N}orth {A}tlantic waters to the {EMS} due to reduced exchange at the {S}trait of {S}icily. {T}he sluggish circulation in the {EMS} initiated during deglaciation was further enhanced by increased {N}ile {R}iver freshwater inputs between 15 ka {BP} and the {S}1 period. {P}artial dissolution of {N}ile {R}iver particles contributed to an increase in {EMS} epsilon({N}d). {T}he large epsilon({N}d) gradient between the {EMS} and the {W}estern {M}editerranean {S}ea observed during {LGM} and {S}1 suggests that each basin had a distinct circulation mode. {D}ecreasing epsilon({N}d) values at the {S}trait of {S}icily after {S}1 reflected improved water exchange between both basins, leading to the modern circulation pattern.},
  keywords = {{MEDITERRANEE} {EST}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}aleoceanography and {P}aleoclimatology},
  volume = {33},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {264--280},
  ISSN = {2572-4525},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1002/2017pa003227},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072792},
}