@article{fdi:010072754,
  title = {{S}easonal abundance, blood meal sources and insecticide susceptibility in major anopheline malaria vectors from southern {M}auritania},
  author = {{O}uld {L}emrabott, {M}. {A}. and {O}uld {A}hmedou {S}alem, {M}. {S}. and {O}uld {B}rahim, {K}. and {B}rengues, {C}{\'e}cile and {R}ossignol, {M}arie and {B}ogreau, {H}. and {B}asco, {L}eonardo and {B}elghyti, {D}. and {S}imard, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {O}uld {M}ohamed {S}alem {B}oukhary, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {M}alaria is endemic in the southernmost {S}ahelian zone of {M}auritania where the major known mosquito vector is {A}nopheles arabiensis. {U}nderstanding seasonal population dynamics, feeding preferences and insecticide resistance status of these vectors in the area is essential to improve vector control measures implemented at a local scale. {H}ere, malaria vector populations' bionomics is described in two sentinel sites located in the {S}ahelian zone of {M}auritania. {M}ethods: {B}etween {S}eptember 2014 and {D}ecember 2016, longitudinal entomological surveys were conducted in {K}obeni (15 degrees 49'{N}, 09 degrees 24'{W}) and {R}osso (16 degrees 30'{N}; 15 degrees 48'{W}), two localities in the southern {S}ahelian zone of {M}auritania. {A}dult mosquitoes were collected using indoor pyrethrum spray catch ({PSC}). {M}orphological and {PCR}-based methods were used to identify the species, detect {P}lasmodium parasites and analyze blood meals in individual mosquitoes. {WHO} insecticide susceptibility tests were performed with malathion (5%), bendiocarb (0.1%), permethrin (0.75%) and deltamethrin (0.05%) using female {A}n. gambiae (s.l.) reared from larval and pupal collections from natural breeding sites. {R}esults: {A} total of 2702 {A}nopheles mosquitoes were collected by {PSC} during the study period comprising 2291 {A}nopheles gambiae (s.l.), 376 {A}nopheles rufipes and 35 {A}nopheles pharoensis. {I}n {R}osso, all mosquitoes from the {A}n. gambiae (s.l.) complex were molecularly identified as {A}n. arabiensis (n = 455/455, 100%). {A}nopheles pharoensis represented 2.5% (n = 35/1420) of the specimens collected by {PSC} in {R}osso. {I}n {K}obeni, {A}n. arabiensis was dominant (n = 278/301, 92.3%) and occurred together with {A}nopheles coluzzii (n = 18/301, 6%) and {A}n. gambiae (s.s.) (n = 3/301, 1%). {T}wo {A}n. coluzzii x {A}n. arabiensis hybrids were also detected (0.7%) in {K}obeni, and {A}n. rufipes was the only other {A}nopheles species found resting indoors (n = 376/1277, 29.4%). {T}here was an average of 5.6 and 3.6 indoor resting female {A}n. gambiae (s.l.) per room in {K}obeni and {R}osso, respectively. {I}ndoor resting female {A}n. gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes in both sites fed most frequently on bovine blood (35.5% in {R}osso and 37% in {K}obeni). {T}he proportion of {A}n. gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes that took human blood was significantly higher in {K}obeni ({HBI} = 37%) than in {R}osso ({HBI} = 5.6%) and 32% of {A}n. gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes contained blood from more than one host species. {N}one of the 1414 tested mosquitoes in both sites were found positive for {P}lasmodium spp. sporozoites. {WHO} insecticide resistance tests revealed resistance to permethrin in the {A}n. arabiensis population from {R}osso (mortality = 64%) as well as reduced mortality to deltamethrin (mortality = 97%). {C}onclusion: {T}his study provides updated information on the composition and dynamics of the malaria vector system in southern {M}auritania where malaria is endemic. {S}uch data are a necessary prerequisite to devise and implement tailored malaria elimination strategies in areas of low residual transmission.},
  keywords = {{M}alaria ; {V}ector ; {M}osquitoes ; {A}nopheles spp. ; {I}nsecticide resistance ; {T}ransmission ; {S}ahel ; {M}auritania ; {MAURITANIE} ; {SAHEL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 232 [9 p.]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-018-2819-3},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072754},
}