@article{fdi:010072452,
  title = {{T}rade patterns facilitating highly pathogenic avian influenza virus dissemination in the free-grazing layer duck system in {V}ietnam},
  author = {{M}eyer, {A}. and {D}inh, {T}. {X}. and {H}an, {T}. {A}. and {D}o, {D}. {V}. and {N}hu, {T}. {V}. and {P}ham, {L}. {T}. and {N}guyen, {T}. {T}. {T}. and {N}ewman, {S}. and {H}asler, {B}. and {P}feiffer, {D}. {U}. and {V}ergne, {T}imoth{\'e}e},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{H}ighly pathogenic avian influenza ({HPAI}) viruses continue to threaten smallholder poultry producers in several {S}outh-east {A}sian countries, including {V}ietnam. {I}n particular, the free-grazing duck system has been repeatedly highlighted as a major risk factor for {HPAI} outbreaks. {F}ree-grazing ducks, which scavenge on rice paddies after the harvest, account for a large proportion of the duck population in {V}ietnam and the wider {S}outh-east {A}sian region. {H}owever, the structure and dynamics of the free-grazing duck production from farm to consumption has not been described for {V}ietnam. {I}n this study, we used a value chain approach to provide a complete picture of the actors involved in the production and marketing of free-grazing duck eggs and spent layer ducks, as well as to investigate the governance structure of this food system. {G}roup interviews and key informant interviews were conducted in two provinces located in the {M}ekong {R}iver {D}elta ({MRD}) and the {R}ed {R}iver {D}elta ({RRD}). {T}he results presented here highlight similarities and differences in farming and trade practices between the two provinces. {T}he trade of spent layer ducks involved large volumes of live ducks being sent to {C}hina and {C}ambodia for consumption, generating a substantial risk of transboundary spread of pathogens, including {HPAI} viruses. {W}e describe the major role of duck yards, which act as hubs in the northbound trade of spent layer ducks. {T}hese yards should be considered as essential links in the value chain of spent layer ducks when considering {HPAI} surveillance and control. {T}he veterinary authorities are only marginally involved in the value chain activities, and their influence could be strengthened by increasing surveillance activities for instance in duck yards. {L}ast, we discuss the dynamics of the duck value chain and further implications for future {HPAI} management policies.},
  keywords = {free-grazing ducks ; highly pathogenic avian influenza ; poultry trade ; value chain analysis ; {V}ietnam ; {VIET} {NAM}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{T}ransboundary and {E}merging {D}iseases},
  volume = {65},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {408--419},
  ISSN = {1865-1674},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1111/tbed.12697},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072452},
}