@article{fdi:010072377,
  title = {{T}hermal regime and host clade, rather than geography, drive {S}ymbiodinium and bacterial assemblages in the scleractinian coral {P}ocillopora damicornis sensu lato},
  author = {{B}rener-{R}affalli, {K}. and {C}lerissi, {C}. and {V}idal-{D}upiol, {J}. and {A}djeroud, {M}ehdi and {B}onhomme, {F}. and {P}ratlong, {M}. and {A}urelle, {D}. and {M}itta, {G}. and {T}oulza, {E}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {A}lthough the term holobiont has been popularized in corals with the advent of the hologenome theory of evolution, the underlying concepts are still a matter of debate. {I}ndeed, the relative contribution of host and environment and especially thermal regime in shaping the microbial communities should be examined carefully to evaluate the potential role of symbionts for holobiont adaptation in the context of global changes. {W}e used the sessile, long-lived, symbiotic and environmentally sensitive reef-building coral {P}ocillopora damicornis to address these issues. {R}esults: {W}e sampled {P}ocillopora damicornis colonies corresponding to two different mitochondrial lineages in different geographic areas displaying different thermal regimes: {D}jibouti, {F}rench {P}olynesia, {N}ew {C}aledonia, and {T}aiwan. {T}he community composition of bacteria and the algal endosymbiont {S}ymbiodinium were characterized using high-throughput sequencing of 16{S} r{RNA} gene and internal transcribed spacer, {ITS}2, respectively. {B}acterial microbiota was very diverse with high prevalence of {E}ndozoicomonas, {A}rcobacter, and {A}cinetobacter in all samples. {W}hile {S}ymbiodinium sub-clade {C}1 was dominant in {T}aiwan and {N}ew {C}aledonia, {D}1 was dominant in {D}jibouti and {F}rench {P}olynesia. {M}oreover, we also identified a high background diversity (i.e., with proportions < 1%) of {A}1, {C}3, {C}15, and {G} {S}ymbiodinum sub-clades. {U}sing redundancy analyses, we found that the effect of geography was very low for both communities and that host genotypes and temperatures differently influenced {S}ymbiodinium and bacterial microbiota. {I}ndeed, while the constraint of host haplotype was higher than temperatures on bacterial composition, we showed for the first time a strong relationship between the composition of {S}ymbiodinium communities and minimal sea surface temperatures. {C}onclusion: {B}ecause {S}ymbiodinium assemblages are more constrained by the thermal regime than bacterial communities, we propose that their contribution to adaptive capacities of the holobiont to temperature changes might be higher than the influence of bacterial microbiota. {M}oreover, the link between {S}ymbiodinium community composition and minimal temperatures suggests low relative fitness of clade {D} at lower temperatures. {T}his observation is particularly relevant in the context of climate change, since corals will face increasing temperatures as well as much frequent abnormal cold episodes in some areas of the world.},
  keywords = {{C}oral holobiont ; {M}icrobiota ; {B}acterial communities ; {S}ymbiodinium assemblages ; {T}hermal adaptation ; {S}cleractinian corals ; {C}oral reefs ; {P}ocillopora damicornis ; {DJIBOUTI} ; {POLYNESIE} {FRANCAISE} ; {NOUVELLE} {CALEDONIE} ; {TAIWAN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}icrobiome},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. no 39 [13 ]},
  ISSN = {2049-2618},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1186/s40168-018-0423-6},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072377},
}