@article{fdi:010072363,
  title = {{E}lucidation of functional chemical groups responsible of compost phytotoxicity using solid-state {C}-13 {NMR} spectroscopy under different initial {C}/{N} ratios},
  author = {{A}zim, {K}. and {F}aissal, {Y}. and {S}oudi, {B}. and {P}erissol, {C}. and {R}oussos, {S}evastianos and {A}lami, {I}. {T}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}ore than 1 million tons of fresh organic wastes is produced in the {S}ouss-{M}assa region in {M}orocco. {T}omato organic residues represent more than 25% of the total organic wastes and are deposited in uncontrolled landfills. {T}hus, composting can represent a valuable and pertinent solution to this environmental problem. {T}he objectives of this experiment are to identify the potential functional groups responsible for compost phytotoxicity and to determine the optimum initial carbon to nitrogen ratio ({C}/{N}) for maximum recovery of tomato residues. {T}he experiment consisted of the variation of the initial {C}/{N} ratios (25, 30, 35, and 40) using mixtures of different raw materials (tomato residues, melon residues, olive mill pomace, and sheep manure). {P}hysicochemical parameters (p{H}, electrical conductivity, {C}/{N} ratio, and humic acid/fulvic acid ratio) were determined and spectroscopic analyses ({UV}-vis and {NMR}-{C}-13) were performed during the composting process along with quality parameters (germination and phytotoxicity tests) at the end. {T}he results showed that the compost with the initial {C}/{N} ratio of 35 is the most humified with the least phytotoxic effect. {T}he germination and phytotoxicity tests were negatively correlated with the methoxyl/{N}-alkyl-{C} ratio and {O}-alkyl-{C}. {T}hese two functional groups are probably the origin of phytotoxicity expression in compost quality tests. {T}hus, a simple and precise quality test could be performed to evaluate directly the phytotoxicity and maturity of compost.},
  keywords = {{NMR}-{C}-13 ; {T}omato residue ; {C}ompost ; {P}hytotoxicity ; {C}/{N} ratio ; {MAROC}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}nvironmental {S}cience and {P}ollution {R}esearch},
  volume = {25},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {3408--3422},
  ISSN = {0944-1344},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1007/s11356-017-0704-9},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072363},
}