@article{fdi:010071931,
  title = {{M}odified {P}enman-{M}onteith equation for monitoring evapotranspiration of wheat crop : relationship between the surface resistance and remotely sensed stress index},
  author = {{A}mazirh, {A}. and {E}r-{R}aki, {S}. and {C}hehbouni, {A}bdelghani and {R}ivalland, {V}. and {D}iarra, {A}. and {K}habba, {S}. and {E}zzahar, {J}. and {M}erlin, {O}livier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{E}vapotranspiration ({ET}) plays an essential role for detecting plant water status, estimating crop water needs and optimising irrigation management. {A}ccurate estimates of {ET} at field scale are therefore critical. {T}he present paper investigates a remote sensing and modelling coupled approach for monitoring actual {ET} of irrigated wheat crops in the semi-arid region of {T}ensift {A}l {H}aouz ({M}orocco). {T}he {ET} modelling is based on a modified {P}enman-{M}onteith equation obtained by introducing a simple empirical relationship between surface resistance (r(c)) and a stress index ({SI}). {SI} is estimated from {L}andsat-derived land surface temperature ({LST}) combined with the {LST} endmembers (in wet and dry conditions) simulated by a surface energy balance model driven by meteorological forcing and {L}andsat-derived fractional vegetation cover. {T}he proposed model is first calibrated using eddy covariance measurements of {ET} during one growing season (2015-2016) over an experimental flood irrigated wheat field located within the irrigated perimeter named {R}3. {I}t is then validated during the same growing season over another drip-irrigated wheat field located in the same perimeter. {N}ext, the proposed {ET} model is implemented over a 10 x 10 km(2) area in {R}3 using a time series of {L}andsat-7/8 reflectance and {LST} data. {T}he comparison between modelled and measured {ET} fluxes indicates that the model works well. {T}he {R}oot {M}ean {S}quare {E}rror ({RMSE}) values over drip and flood sites were 13 and 12 {W} m(-2), respectively. {T}he proposed approach has a great potential for detecting crop water stress and estimating crop water requirements over large areas along the agricultural season.},
  keywords = {{B}ulk surface resistance ; {E}vapotranspiration ; {C}rop water stress ; {L}andsat ; {P}enman-{M}onteith ; {S}urface temperature ; {MAROC} ; {ZONE} {SEMIARIDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}iosystems {E}ngineering},
  volume = {164},
  numero = {},
  pages = {68--84},
  ISSN = {1537-5110},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.09.015},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071931},
}