@article{fdi:010071365,
  title = {{T}rends in obesity and diabetes across {A}frica from 1980 to 2014 : an analysis of pooled population-based studies},
  author = {{K}engne, {A}. {P}. and {B}entham, {J}. and {Z}hou, {B}. and {P}eer, {N}. and {M}atsha, {T}. {E}. and {B}ixby, {H}. and {D}i {C}esare, {M}. and {H}ajitathalian, {K}. and {L}u, {Y}. and {A}ddei, {C}. and {B}ovet, {P}. and {K}yobutungi, {C}. and {A}gyemang, {C}. and {A}ounallah-{S}khiri, {H}. and {A}ssah, {F}. {K}. and {B}arkat, {A}. and {B}en {R}omdhane, {H}. and {C}han, {Q}. and {C}haturvcdi, {N}. and {D}amasceno, {A}. and {D}elisle, {H}. and {D}elpeuch, {F}rancis and {D}oua, {K}. and {E}gbagbe, {E}. {E}. and {E}l {A}ti, {J}. and {E}lliott, {P}. and {E}ngle-{S}tone, {R}. and {E}rasmus, {R}. {T}. and {F}ouad, {H}. {M}. and {G}areta, {D}. and {G}ureje, {O}. and {H}endriks, {M}. {E}. and {H}outi, {L}. and {I}brahim, {M}. {M}. and {K}emper, {H}. {C}. {G}. and {K}illewo, {J}. and {K}owlessur, {S}. and {K}ruger, {H}. {S}. and {L}aamiri, {F}. {Z}. and {L}aid, {Y}. and {L}evitt, {N}. {S}. and {L}unet, {N}. and {M}agliano, {D}. {J}. and {M}aire, {B}ernard and {M}artin-{P}r{\'e}vel, {Y}ves and {M}ediene-{B}enchekor, {S}. and {M}ohamed, {M}. {K}. and {M}ondo, {C}. {K}. and {M}onyeki, {K}. {D}. and {M}ostafa, {A}. and {N}ankap, {M}. and {O}wusu-{D}abo, {E}. and de {W}it, {T}. {F}. {R}. and {S}aidi, {O}. and {S}chultsz, {C}. and {S}chutte, {A}. {E}. and {S}enbanjo, {I}. {O}. and {S}haw, {J}. {E}. and {S}meeth, {L}. and {S}obngwi, {E}. and {J}erome, {C}. {S}. and {S}tronks, {K}. and {T}anser, {F}. and {T}chibindat, {F}. and {T}raissac, {P}ierre and {T}shepo, {L}. and {T}ullu, {F}. and {U}koli, {F}. {A}. {M}. and {V}iswanathan, {B}. and {W}ade, {A}. {N}. and {D}anaei, {G}. and {S}tevens, {G}. {A}. and {R}iley, {L}. {M}. and {E}zzati, {M}. and {M}banya, {J}. {C}. {N}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {T}he 2016 {D}ar {E}s {S}alaam {C}all to {A}ction on {D}iabetes and {O}ther non-communicable diseases ({NCD}s) advocates national multi-sectoral {NCD} strategies and action plans based on available data and information from countries of sub-{S}aharan {A}frica and beyond. {W}e estimated trends from 1980 to 2014 in age-standardized mean body mass index ({BMI}) and diabetes prevalence in these countries, in order to assess the coprogression and assist policy formulation. {M}ethods: {W}e pooled data from {A}frican and worldwide population-based studies which measured height, weight and biomarkers to assess diabetes status in adults aged >= 18 years. {A} {B}ayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate trends by sex for 200 countries and territories including 53 countries across five {A}frican regions (central, eastern, northern, southern and western), in mean {BMI} and diabetes prevalence (defined as either fasting plasma glucose of >= 7.0 mmol/l, history of diabetes diagnosis, or use of insulin or oral glucose control agents). {R}esults: {A}frican data came from 245 population-based surveys (1.2 million participants) for {BMI} and 76 surveys (182 000 participants) for diabetes prevalence estimates. {C}ountries with the highest number of data sources for {BMI} were {S}outh {A}frica (n = 17), {N}igeria (n = 15) and {E}gypt (n = 13); and for diabetes estimates, {T}anzania (n = 8), {T}unisia (n = 7), and {C}ameroon, {E}gypt and {S}outh {A}frica (all n = 6). {T}he age-standardized mean {BMI} increased from 21.0 kg/m(2) (95% credible interval: 20.3-21.7) to 23.0 kg/m(2) (22.7-23.3) in men, and from 21.9 kg/m(2) (21.3-22.5) to 24.9 kg/m(2) (24.6-25.1) in women. {T}he age-standardized prevalence of diabetes increased from 3.4% (1.5-6.3) to 8.5% (6.5-10.8) in men, and from 4.1% (2.0-7.5) to 8.9% (6.9-11.2) in women. {E}stimates in northern and southern regions were mostly higher than the global average; those in central, eastern and western regions were lower than global averages. {A} positive association (correlation coefficient similar or equal to 0.9) was observed between mean {BMI} and diabetes prevalence in both sexes in 1980 and 2014. {C}onclusions: {T}hese estimates, based on limited data sources, confirm the rapidly increasing burden of diabetes in {A}frica. {T}his rise is being driven, at least in part, by increasing adiposity, with regional variations in observed trends. {A}frican countries' efforts to prevent and control diabetes and obesity should integrate the setting up of reliable monitoring systems, consistent with the {W}orld {H}ealth {O}rganization's {G}lobal {M}onitoring {S}ystem {F}ramework.},
  keywords = {{D}iabetes ; adiposity ; body mass index ; {A}frica ; prevalence ; trends ; {AFRIQUE} ; {MONDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {E}pidemiology},
  volume = {46},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {1421--1432},
  ISSN = {0300-5771},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1093/ije/dyx078},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071365},
}