@article{fdi:010071013,
  title = {22-year surface salinity changes in the {S}easonal {I}ce {Z}one near 140 degrees {E} off {A}ntarctica},
  author = {{M}orrow, {R}. and {K}estenare, {E}lodie},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}easonal and interannual variations in sea surface salinity ({SSS}) are analyzed in the {S}ea {I}ce {Z}one south of 60 degrees {S}, from a 22-year time series of observations near 140 degrees {E}. {I}n the northern sea-ice zone during the warming, melting cycle from {O}ctober to {M}arch, waters warm by an average of 3.5 degrees {C} and become fresher by 0.1 to 0.25. {I}n the southern sea-ice zone, the surface temperatures vary from 1 to 1 degrees {C} over summer, and the maximal {SSS} range occurs in {D}ecember, with a minimum {SSS} of 33.65 near the {S}outhern {B}oundary of the {ACC}, reaching 34.4 in the shelf waters close to the coast. {T}he main fronts, normally defined at subsurface, are shown to have more distinct seasonal characteristics in {SSS} than in {SST}. {T}he interannual variations in {SSS} are more closely linked to variations in upstream sea-ice cover than surface forcing. {SSS} and sea-ice variations show distinct phases, with large biannual variations in the early 1990s, weaker variations in the 2000s and larger variations again from 2009 onwards. {T}he calving of the {M}ertz {G}lacier {T}ongue in {F}ebruary 2010 leads to increased sea-ice cover and widespread freshening of the surface layers from 2011 onwards. {S}ummer freshening in the northern sea-ice zone is similar to 0.05-0.07 per decade, increasing to 0.08 per decade in the southern sea-ice zone, largely influenced by the {M}ertz {G}lacier calving event at the end of our time series. {T}he summer time series of {SSS} on the shelf at 140 {E} is in phase but less variable than the {SSS} observed upstream in the {A}delie {D}epression, and thus represents a spatially integrated index of the wider {SSS} variations.},
  keywords = {{ANTARCTIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {M}arine {S}ystems},
  volume = {175},
  numero = {},
  pages = {46--62},
  ISSN = {0924-7963},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jmarsys.2017.07.003},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071013},
}