@article{fdi:010070355,
  title = {{D}oes heterogeneity in crop canopy microclimates matter for pests ? {E}vidence from aerial high-resolution thermography},
  author = {{F}aye, {E}. and {R}ebaudo, {F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {C}arpio, {C}. and {H}errera, {M}. and {D}angles, {O}livier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} majority of agricultural pests are influenced by microclimatic conditions that affect their performance and occurrence. {T}hermal heterogeneity experienced by pests at fine spatial scales is potentially a key to understand pest dynamics, yet its study over entire fields at fine resolution has never been performed. {W}e used aerial infrared thermography to yield high-resolution measurements of crop canopy temperatures in 38 potato fields in the {E}cuadorian {A}ndes. {I}n each field, for 30 different plots, we characterized the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of crop canopy temperatures and simultaneously sampled populations of four common leaf-surface dwelling adult pests. {W}e then evaluated the fine-scale thermal heterogeneity implications for pest occurrence and compared a variety of thermal spatial metrics with pest abundance and richness measured in field. {W}e found that the range of temperatures available for pests in crop canopies was independent on scale: pests can access within few centimetres most of the thermal microenvironments recorded at the field level. {A}lso, the availability of thermal microenvironments was dependent on solar radiations: with increasing radiation levels, pests have to travel less distance to reach a variety of thermal environments. {A}t the plot level, we found that the four-studied pests were not clumped into their optimal thermal conditions but rather distributed evenly. {P}ests having a wide range of favourable microenvironments available within very short distances might be constrained by others factors (resources, enemies). {H}owever, we found that pest richness was significantly correlated to both thermal aggregation and diversity index, suggesting that more diverse and distinctly distributed thermal environments in crop fields shelter a higher diversity of pests. {A}s environmental conservation and agronomical management increasingly depend on our ability to understand and predict the responses of species to their environment, we recommend refining global pest distribution predictions using fine-grained microclimatic models to infer accurate responses of organism to climate change. {I}ndeed, fine-scale spatiotemporal heterogeneity of micro climates might provide organisms with more than enough suitable thermal habitats in their actual location to withstand global changes.},
  keywords = {{C}rop microclimate ; {A}erial thermal imagery ; {M}icroclimate heterogeneity ; {P}otato pests ; {S}patial metrics ; {S}urface temperature ; {EQUATEUR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}griculture {E}cosystems and {E}nvironment},
  volume = {246},
  numero = {},
  pages = {124--133},
  ISSN = {0167-8809},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.agee.2017.05.027},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070355},
}