@article{fdi:010070148,
  title = {{F}irst reported case of spontaneous hermaphrodism in female date palm ({P}hoenix dactylifera {L}.), cv '{A}lligue'},
  author = {{O}thmani, {A}. and {C}ollin, {M}yriam and {S}ellemi, {A}. and {J}ain, {S}. {M}. and {D}rira, {N}. and {A}berlenc {B}ertossi, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}rique},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he date palm ({P}hoenix dactylifera {L}.) is dioecious with male flowers deficient in functional gynoecium and female flowers deficient in functional androecium borne on separate palms. {T}he presence of male and female flowers on the same plant, a phenomenon known as monoecy, is unusual in male date palms. {T}his study reports for the first time on hermaphrodite (bisexual) flowers borne by two female date palms, '{A}lligue', that were found growing in an open field in {D}egache, southern {T}unisia. {T}he observations on these two female palms were compared with hermaphrodite male date palms growing in the same location. {H}ermaphrodite female date palm inflorescence branches bear female flowers predominantly near their base, in contrast to the hermaphrodite flowers that are found primarily toward their upper part. {T}he position of the hermaphrodite flowers in hermaphrodite male date palms is reversed: inflorescence branches bear male flowers toward the upper part while the hermaphrodite flowers are found at the base. {H}istological examination of female hermaphrodite flowers revealed that they had three carpels and 1-6 stamens. {H}ermaphrodite flowers on male plants were usually also composed of three carpels of variable size, and six stamens. {H}ermaphrodite flowers on both female and male palm trees turn generally into parthenocarpic fruits. {T}he present data support the theory that dioecious plants are derived from a common hermaphrodite ancestor. {F}loral hermaphroditism in date palm should be investigated in relation to the in planta self-fertilization process to identify sex markers and genes that control sex organ development.},
  keywords = {{D}ate palm ; cv {A}lligue ; flowers ; hermaphroditism ; inflorescence ; parthenocarpy ; rachilla},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {H}orticultural {S}cience and {B}iotechnology},
  volume = {92},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {376--388},
  ISSN = {1462-0316},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1080/14620316.2017.1280379},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070148},
}