@article{fdi:010070096,
  title = {{C}haracterization of {P}lasmodium falciparum genes associated with drug resistance in {H}odh {E}lgharbi, a malaria hotspot near {M}alian-{M}auritanian border},
  author = {{O}uld {A}hmedou {S}alem, {M}. {S}. and {L}ekweiry, {K}. {M}. and {B}ouchiba, {H}. and {P}ascual, {A}. and {P}radines, {B}. and {O}uld {M}ohamed {S}alem {B}oukhary, {A}. and {B}riolant, {S}. and {B}asco, {L}eonardo and {B}ogreau, {H}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {A} malaria hotspot in the southeastern region of {M}auritania, near the {M}alian border, may hamper malaria control strategies. {T}he objectives were to estimate the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms associated with drug resistance in {P}lasmodium falciparum isolates and establish baseline data. {M}ethods: {T}he study was conducted in two malaria-endemic areas in {H}odh {E}lgharbi, situated in the {M}alian-{M}auritanian border area. {B}lood samples were collected from symptomatic patients. {S}ingle nucleotide polymorphisms in {P}fcrt, {P}fmdr1, {P}fdhfr, and {P}fdhps were genotyped using {PCR}-restriction fragment length polymorphism, {DNA} sequencing and primer extension. {T}he {P}fmdr1 gene copy number was determined by real-time {PCR}. {R}esults: {O}f 280 {P}. falciparum-infected patients, 193 (68.9%) carried the {P}fcrt 76{T} mutant allele. {T}he {P}fmdr1 86{Y} and 184{F} mutations were found in 61 (23.1%) of 264 isolates and 167 (67.6%) of 247 samples that were successfully genotyped, respectively. {P}fmdr1 mutant alleles 1034{C}, 1042{D} and 1246{Y} were rarely observed. {O}f 102 {P}. falciparum isolates analysed, ten (9.8%) had more than one copy of {P}fmdr1 gene. {T}he prevalence of isolates harbouring at least triple mutant {P}fdhfr 51{I}, 59{R}, 108 {N}/ {T} was 42% (112/ 268), of which 42 (37.5%) had an additional {P}fdhps 437{G} mutation. {T}he {P}fdhps 540{E} mutation was observed in four isolates (1.5%), including three associated with {P}fdhfr triple mutant. {O}nly two quintuple mutants ({P}fdhfr-51{I}-59{R}-108{N} {P}fdhps-437{G}-540{E}) were observed. {C}onclusions: {T}he observed mutations in {P}fdhfr, {P}fdhps, {P}fmdr1, and {P}fcrt may jeopardize the future of seasonal malaria chemoprevention based on amodiaquine-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and treatment with artesunate-amodiaquine. {C}omplementary studies should be carried out to document the distribution, origin and circulation of {P}. falciparum populations in this region and more widely in the country to assess the risk of the spread of resistance.},
  keywords = {{P}lasmodium falciparum ; {D}rug resistance ; {C}hloroquine ; {A}modiaquine ; {A}ntifolate drugs ; {L}umefantrine ; {A}rtemisinin-based combination therapy ; {M}auritania ; {C}ross-border malaria ; {MAURITANIE} ; {MALI}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {16},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 140 [9 p.]},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1186/s12936-017-1791-2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070096},
}