@article{fdi:010070082,
  title = {{G}ut bacteria missing in severe acute malnutrition, can we identify potential probiotics by culturomics ?},
  author = {{A}lou, {M}. {T}. and {M}illion, {M}. and {T}raore, {S}. {I}. and {M}ouelhi, {D}. and {K}helaifia, {S}. and {B}achar, {D}. and {C}aputo, {A}. and {D}elerce, {J}. and {B}rah, {S}. and {A}lhousseini, {D}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {R}obert, {C}. and {D}iallo, {B}. {A}. and {D}iallo, {A}. and {P}arola, {P}. and {G}olden, {M}. and {L}agier, {J}. {C}. and {R}aoult, {D}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}evere acute malnutrition is the world-leading cause of children under-five's death. {R}ecent metagenomics studies have established a link between gut microbiota and severe acute malnutrition, describing an immaturity with a striking depletion in oxygen sensitive prokaryotes. {A}moxicillin and therapeutic diet cure most of the children with severe acute malnutrition but an irreversible disruption of the gut microbiota is suspected in the refractory and most severe cases. {I}n these cases, therapeutic diet may be unable to reverse the microbiota alteration leading to persistent impaired development or death. {I}n addition, as enteric sepsis is a major cause of death in this context, identification of missing gut microbes to be tested as probiotics (live bacteria that confer a benefit to the host) to restore rapidly the healthy gut microbiota and prevent the gut pathogenic invasion is of foremost importance. {I}n this study, stool samples of malnourished patients with kwashiorkor and healthy children were collected from {N}iger and {S}enegal and analyzed by culturomics and metagenomics. {W}e found a globally decreased diversity, a decrease in the hitherto unknown diversity (new species isolation), a depletion in oxygen sensitive prokaryotes including {M}ethanobrevibacter smithii and an enrichment in potentially pathogenic {P}roteobacteria, {F}usobacteria and {S}treptococcus gallolyticus. {A} complex of 12 species identified only in healthy children using culturomics and metagenomics were identified as probiotics candidates, providing a possible, defined, reproducible, safe, and convenient alternative to fecal transplantation to restore a healthy gut microbiota in malnourished children. {M}icrobiotherapy based on selected strains has the potential to improve the current treatment of severe acute malnutrition and prevent relapse and death by reestablishing a healthy gut microbiota.},
  keywords = {severe acute malnutrition ; kwashiorkor ; gut microbiota ; culturomics ; metagenomics ; probiotics ; {M}ethanobrevibacter smithii ; {S}treptococcus gallolyticus},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {M}icrobiology},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 899 [17 p.]},
  ISSN = {1664-302{X}},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.3389/fmicb.2017.0089},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070082},
}