@article{fdi:010070016,
  title = {{E}stimating {HIV} incidence using a cross-sectional survey : comparison of three approaches in a hyperendemic setting, {N}dhiwa subcounty, {K}enya, 2012},
  author = {{B}laizot, {S}. and {K}im, {A}. {A}. and {Z}eh, {C}. and {R}iche, {B}. and {M}aman, {D}. and {D}e {C}ock, {K}. {M}. and {E}tard, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {E}cochard, {R}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjectives: {E}stimating {HIV} incidence is critical for identifying groups at risk for {HIV} infection, planning and targeting interventions, and evaluating these interventions over time. {T}he use of reliable estimation methods for {HIV} incidence is thus of high importance. {T}he aim of this study was to compare methods for estimating {HIV} incidence in a population-based cross-sectional survey. {D}esign/{M}ethods: {T}he incidence estimation methods evaluated included assay-derived methods, a testing history-derived method, and a probability-based method applied to data from the {N}dhiwa {HIV} {I}mpact in {P}opulation {S}urvey ({NHIPS}). {I}ncidence rates by sex and age and cumulative incidence as a function of age were presented. {R}esults: {HIV} incidence ranged from 1.38 [95% confidence interval ({CI}) 0.67-2.09] to 3.30 [95% {CI} 2.78-3.82] per 100 person-years overall; 0.59 [95% {CI} 0.00-1.34] to 2.89 [95% {CI} 0.86-6.45] in men; and 1.62 [95% {CI} 0.16-6.04] to 4.03 [95% {CI} 3.30-4.77] per 100 person-years in women. {W}omen had higher incidence rates than men for all methods. {I}ncidence rates were highest among women aged 15-24 and 25-34 years and highest among men aged 25-34 years. {C}onclusion: {C}omparison of different methods showed variations in incidence estimates, but they were in agreement to identify most-at-risk groups. {T}he use and comparison of several distinct approaches for estimating incidence are important to provide the best-supported estimate of {HIV} incidence in the population.},
  keywords = {{HIV}/{AIDS} epidemic ; incidence ; incidence estimation ; incidence assay ; statistical model ; {A}frica ; {KENYA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}ids {R}esearch and {H}uman {R}etroviruses},
  volume = {33},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {472--481},
  ISSN = {0889-2229},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1089/aid.2016.0123},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070016},
}