@article{fdi:010069972, title = {{I}nfections and cancer : the "fifty shades of immunity" hypothesis}, author = {{J}acqueline, {C}. and {T}asiemski, {A}. and {S}orci, {G}. and {U}jvari, {B}. and {M}aachi, {F}. and {M}iss{\'e}, {D}oroth{\'e}e and {R}enaud, {F}. and {E}wald, {P}. and {T}homas, {F}. and {R}oche, {B}enjamin}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{B}ackground: {S}ince the beginning of the twentieth century, infection has emerged as a fundamental aspect of cancer causation with a growing number of pathogens recognized as oncogenic. {M}eanwhile, oncolytic viruses have also attracted considerable interest as possible agents of tumor destruction. {D}iscussion: {L}ost in the dichotomy between oncogenic and oncolytic agents, the indirect influence of infectious organisms on carcinogenesis has been largely unexplored. {W}e describe the various ways - from functional aspects to evolutionary considerations such as modernity mismatches - by which infectious organisms could interfere with oncogenic processes through immunity. {F}inally, we discuss how acknowledging these interactions might impact public health approaches and suggest new guidelines for therapeutic and preventive strategies both at individual and population levels. {S}ummary: {I}nfectious organisms, that are not oncogenic neither oncolytic, may play a significant role in carcinogenesis, suggesting the need to increase our knowledge about immune interactions between infections and cancer.}, keywords = {{I}mmunity ; {I}nfection ; {C}ancer ; {E}volution ; {P}ersonal history of infection}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{BMC} {C}ancer}, volume = {17}, numero = {}, pages = {art. 257 [11 p.]}, ISSN = {1471-2407}, year = {2017}, DOI = {10.1186/s12885-017-3234-4}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069972}, }