@article{fdi:010069662,
  title = {{V}irus-bacteria rice co-infection in {A}frica : field estimation, reciprocal effects, molecular mechanisms, and evolutionary implications},
  author = {{T}ollenaere, {C}harlotte and {L}acombe, {S}{\'e}verine and {W}onni, {I}. and {B}arro, {M}. and {N}dougonna, {C}. and {G}nacko, {F}. and {S}{\'e}r{\'e}m{\'e}, {D}. and {J}acobs, {J}.{M}. and {H}{\'e}brard, {E}ug{\'e}nie and {C}unnac, {S}{\'e}bastien and {B}rugidou, {C}hristophe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}imultaneous infection of a single plant by various pathogen species is increasingly recognized as an important modulator of host resistance and a driver of pathogen evolution. {B}ecause plants in agro-ecosystems are the target of a multitude of pathogenic microbes, co-infection could be frequent, and consequently important to consider. {T}his is particularly true for rapidly intensifying crops, such as rice in {A}frica. {T}his study investigated potential interactions between pathogens causing two of the major rice diseases in {A}frica: the {R}ice yellow mottle virus ({RYMV}) and the bacterium {X}anthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzicola ({X}oc) in order to: 1/ document virus-bacteria co-infection in rice in the field, 2/ explore experimentally their consequences in terms of symptom development and pathogen multiplication, 3/ test the hypothesis of underlying molecular mechanisms of interactions and 4/ explore potential evolutionary consequences. {F}ield surveys in {B}urkina {F}aso revealed that a significant proportion of rice fields were simultaneously affected by the two diseases. {C}o-infection leads to an increase in bacterial specific symptoms, while a decrease in viral load is observed compared to the mono-infected mock. {T}he lack of effect found when using a bacterial mutant for an effector specifically inducing expression of a small {RNA} regulatory protein, {HEN}1, as well as a viral genotype-specific effect, both suggest a role for gene silencing mechanisms mediating the within-plant interaction between {RYMV} and {X}oc. {P}otential implications for pathogen evolution could not be inferred because genotype-specific effects were found only for pathogens originating from different countries, and consequently not meeting in the agrosystem. {W}e argue that pathogen-pathogen-host interactions certainly deserve more attention, both from a theoretical and applied point of view.},
  keywords = {{AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE} ; {BURKINA} {FASO} ; {TANZANIE} ; {MADAGASCAR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {P}lant {S}ciences},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {},
  pages = {645 [13  en ligne]},
  ISSN = {1664-462{X}},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.3389/fpls.2017.00645},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069662},
}