@article{fdi:010069431,
  title = {{M}itochondrial {DNA} and trade data support multiple origins of {H}elicoverpa armigera ({L}epidoptera, {N}octuidae) in {B}razil},
  author = {{T}ay, {W}. {T}. and {W}alsh, {T}. {K}. and {D}ownes, {S}. and {A}nderson, {C}. and {J}ermiin, {L}. {S}. and {W}ong, {T}. {K}. {F}. and {P}iper, {M}. {C}. and {C}hang, {E}. {S}. and {M}acedo, {I}. {B}. and {C}zepak, {C}. and {B}ehere, {G}. {T}. and {S}ilvie, {P}ierre and {S}oria, {M}. {F}. and {F}rayssinet, {M}. and {G}ordon, {K}. {H}. {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {O}ld {W}orld bollworm {H}elicoverpa armigera is now established in {B}razil but efforts to identify incursion origin(s) and pathway(s) have met with limited success due to the patchiness of available data. {U}sing international agricultural/horticultural commodity trade data and mitochondrial {DNA} (mt{DNA}) cytochrome oxidase {I} ({COI}) and cytochrome b ({C}yt b) gene markers, we inferred the origins and incursion pathways into {B}razil. {W}e detected 20 mt{DNA} haplotypes from six {B}razilian states, eight of which were new to our 97 global {COI}-{C}yt b haplotype database. {D}irect sequence matches indicated five {B}razilian haplotypes had {A}sian, {A}frican, and {E}uropean origins. {W}e identified 45 parsimoniously informative sites and multiple substitutions per site within the concatenated (945 bp) nucleotide dataset, implying that probabilistic phylogenetic analysis methods are needed. {H}igh diversity and signatures of uniquely shared haplotypes with diverse localities combined with the trade data suggested multiple incursions and introduction origins in {B}razil. {I}ncreasing agricultural/horticultural trade activities between the {O}ld and {N}ew {W}orlds represents a significant biosecurity risk factor. {I}dentifying pest origins will enable resistance profiling that reflects countries of origin to be included when developing a resistance management strategy, while identifying incursion pathways will improve biosecurity protocols and risk analysis at biosecurity hotspots including national ports.},
  keywords = {{BRESIL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}cientific {R}eports - {N}ature},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 45302 [10 p.]},
  ISSN = {2045-2322},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1038/srep45302},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069431},
}