@article{fdi:010069291,
  title = {{A} new record of {A}tlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends},
  author = {{F}riedman, {A}. {R}. and {R}everdin, {G}. and {K}hodri, {M}yriam and {G}astineau, {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}ea surface salinity ({SSS}) is a major ocean circulation component and indicator of the hydrological cycle. {H}ere we investigate an unprecedented {A}tlantic {SSS} compilation from 1896 to 2013 and analyze the main modes of {SSS} decadal variability. {U}sing principal component analysis, we find that the low-latitude (tropical and subtropical) {A}tlantic and the subpolar {A}tlantic have distinct variability. {S}ubpolar and low-latitude {SSS} are negatively correlated, with subpolar anomalies leading low-latitude anomalies by about a decade. {S}ubpolar {SSS} varies in phase with the {A}tlantic {M}ultidecadal {O}scillation ({AMO}), whereas low-latitude {SSS} varies in phase with the {N}orth {A}tlantic {O}scillation ({NAO}). {A}dditionally, northern tropical {SSS} is anticorrelated with {S}ahel rainfall, suggesting that {SSS} reflects the {I}ntertropical {C}onvergence {Z}one latitude. {T}he 1896-2013 {SSS} trend shows amplification of the mean {SSS} field, with subpolar freshening and low-latitude salinification. {T}he {AMO} and {NAO} have little effect on the long-term trend but contribute to the trend since 1970.},
  keywords = {{ATLANTIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{G}eophysical {R}esearch {L}etters},
  volume = {44},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {1866--1876},
  ISSN = {0094-8276},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1002/2017gl072582},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069291},
}