@article{fdi:010068877,
  title = {{S}takeholder engagement and biodiversity conservation challenges in social-ecological systems : some insights from biosphere reserves in western {A}frica and {F}rance},
  author = {{B}ouamrane, {M}. and {S}pierenburg, {M}. and {A}grawal, {A}. and {B}oureima, {A}. and {C}ormier {S}alem, {M}arie-{C}hristine and {E}tienne, {M}. and {L}e {P}age, {C}. and {L}evrel, {H}. and {M}athevet, {R}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}iosphere reserves are an example of social-ecological systems that combine biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic development with knowledge generation and dissemination (both scientific and local). {W}e review lessons learned from case studies biosphere reserves in western {A}frican and {F}rance, highlighting the importance of early stakeholder engagement to build knowledge for achieving sustainable development. {W}e discuss the evolution of the concept of biosphere reserves and its application over time in different socioeconomic and cultural settings. {T}he diversity of stakeholders and their different needs and perceptions about nature conservation complicate implementation processes, sometimes resulting in conflicts about the objectives and zonation of biosphere reserves. {D}ialogue among the different stakeholders must start at an early planning phase and be based on the principle of social and ecological solidarity. {D}ialogue must then be pursued, formalized, ritualized, and translated both in terms of biosphere reserve management and in terms of political support. {T}ools and methods exist that can facilitate such dialogue and colearning.},
  keywords = {biosphere reserves ; learning ; social-ecological systems ; solidarity ; sustainable development ; {BENIN} ; {BURKINA} {FASO} ; {NIGER} ; {MAURITANIE} ; {SENEGAL} ; {FRANCE} ; {SENEGAL} {FLEUVE} {DELTA} ; {W} {PARC} {NATIONAL} ; {CAMARGUE} ; {GARDON} {GORGE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}cology and {S}ociety},
  volume = {21},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {25 [ 9 ]},
  ISSN = {1708-3087},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.5751/es-08812-210425},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068877},
}