@article{fdi:010068873, title = {{C}hromosomal polymorphism in mammals : an evolutionary perspective}, author = {{D}obigny, {G}authier and {B}ritton-{D}avidian, {J}. and {R}obinson, {T}. {J}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{A}lthough chromosome rearrangements ({CR}s) are central to studies of genome evolution, our understanding of the evolutionary consequences of the early stages of karyotypic differentiation (i.e. polymorphism), especially the non-meiotic impacts, is surprisingly limited. {W}e review the available data on chromosomal polymorphisms in mammals so as to identify taxa that hold promise for developing a more comprehensive understanding of chromosomal change. {I}n doing so, we address several key questions: (i) to what extent are mammalian karyotypes polymorphic, and what types of rearrangements are principally involved? (ii) {A}re some mammalian lineages more prone to chromosomal polymorphism than others? {M}ore specifically, do (karyotypically) polymorphic mammalian species belong to lineages that are also characterized by past, extensive karyotype repatterning? (iii) {H}ow long can chromosomal polymorphisms persist in mammals? {W}e discuss the evolutionary implications of these questions and propose several research avenues that may shed light on the role of chromosome change in the diversification of mammalian populations and species.}, keywords = {genome evolution ; karyotype evolution ; chromosome rearrangement ; population cytogenetics ; polymorphism ; {M}ammalia}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{B}iological {R}eviews}, volume = {92}, numero = {1}, pages = {1--21}, ISSN = {1464-7931}, year = {2017}, DOI = {10.1111/brv.12213}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068873}, }