@article{fdi:010068681,
  title = {{S}usceptibility profile and metabolic mechanisms involved in {A}edes aegypti and {A}edes albopictus resistant to {DDT} and deltamethrin in the {C}entral {A}frican {R}epublic},
  author = {{N}goagouni, {C}. and {K}amgang, {B}. and {B}rengues, {C}{\'e}cile and {Y}ahouedo, {G}. and {P}aupy, {C}hristophe and {N}akoune, {E}. and {K}azanji, {M}. and {C}handre, {F}abrice},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {A}edes aegypti and {A}e. albopictus are the main epidemic vectors of dengue, chikungunya and {Z}ika viruses worldwide. {T}heir control during epidemics relies mainly on control of larvae and adults with insecticides. {U}nfortunately, loss of susceptibility of both species to several insecticide classes limits the efficacy of interventions. {I}n {A}frica, where {A}edes-borne viruses are of growing concern, few data are available on resistance to insecticides. {T}o fill this gap, we assessed the susceptibility to insecticides of {A}e. aegypti and {A}e. albopictus populations in the {C}entral {A}frican {R}epublic ({CAR}) and studied the mechanisms of resistance. {M}ethods: {I}mmature stages were sampled between {J}une and {S}eptember 2014 in six locations in {B}angui (the capital of {CAR}) for larval and adult bioassays according to {WHO} standard procedures. {W}e also characterized {DDT}- and pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes molecularly and biochemically, including tests for the activities of nonspecific esterases (alpha and beta), mixed-function oxidases, insensitive acetylcholinesterase and glutathione {S}-transferases. {R}esults: {L}arval bioassays, carried out to determine the lethal concentrations ({LC}50 and {LC}95) and resistance ratios ({RR}50 and {RR}95), suggested that both vector species were susceptible to {B}acillus thuringiensis var. israeliensis and to temephos. {B}ioassays of adults showed susceptibility to propoxur and fenitrothion, except for one {A}e. albopictus population that was suspected to be resistant to fenithrothion. {N}one of the {A}e. aegypti populations was fully susceptible to {DDT}. {A}e. albopictus presented a similar profile to {A}e. aegypti but with a lower mortality rate (41%). {P}ossible resistance to deltamethrin was observed among {A}e. aegypti and {A}e. albopictus, although some were susceptible. {N}o kdr mutations were detected in either species; however, the activity of detoxifying enzymes was higher in most populations than in the susceptible {A}e. aegypti strain, confirming decreased susceptibility to {DDT} and deltamethrin. {C}onclusion: {T}hese findings suggested that regular, continuous monitoring of resistance is necessary in order to select the most effective adulticides for arbovirus control in {B}angui.},
  keywords = {{A}edes aegypti ; {A}edes albopictus ; {A}rboviruses ; {V}ectors ; {I}nsecticide resistance ; {M}etabolic resistance ; {C}entral {A}frican {R}epublic ; {CENTRAFRIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 599 [13 p.]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-016-1887-5},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068681},
}