@article{fdi:010068118,
  title = {{O}ut of {A}frica : phylogeny and biogeography of the widespread genus {A}canthodactylus ({R}eptilia : {L}acertidae)},
  author = {{T}amar, {K}. and {C}arranza, {S}. and {S}indaco, {R}. and {M}oravec, {J}. and {T}rape, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {M}eiri, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}canthodactylus lizards are among the most diverse and widespread diurnal reptiles in the arid regions spanning from {N}orth {A}frica across to western {I}ndia. {A}canthodactylus constitutes the most species-rich genus in the family {L}acertidae, with over 40 recognized species inhabiting a wide variety of dry habitats. {T}he genus has seldom undergone taxonomic revisions, and although there are a number of described species and species-groups, their boundaries, as well as their interspecific relationships, remain largely unresolved. {W}e constructed a multilocus phylogeny, combining data from two mitochondrial (12{S}, cytb) and three nuclear ({MCIR}, {ACM}4, c-mos) markers for 302 individuals belonging to 36 known species, providing the first large-scale time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of the genus. {W}e evaluated phylogenetic relationships between and within species-groups, and assessed {A}canthodactylus biogeography across its known range. {A}canthodactylus cladogenesis is estimated to have originated in {A}frica due to vicariance and dispersal events from the {O}ligocene onwards. {R}adiation started with the separation into three clades: the {W}estern and scutellatus clades largely distributed in {N}orth {A}frica, and the {E}astern {G}lade occurring mostly in south-west {A}sia. {M}ost {A}canthodactylus species diverged during the {M}iocene, possibly as a result of regional geological instability and climatic changes. {W}e support most of the current taxonomic classifications and phylogenetic relationships, and provide genetic validity for most species. {W}e reveal a new distinct blanfordii species-group, suggest new phylogenetic positions ({A}. hardyi, {A}. masirae), and synonymize several species and subspecies ({A}. lineomaculatus, {A}. boskianus khattensis and {A}. b. nigeriensis) with their phylogenetically closely-related species. {W}e recommend a thorough systematic revision of taxa, such as {A}. guineensis, {A}. grand's, {A}. dumerilii, {A}. senegalensis and the pardalis and erythrurus species-groups, which exhibit high levels of intraspecific variability, and clear evidence of phylogenetic complexity.},
  keywords = {{A}rabia ; {D}iversification ; {M}olecular clock ; {P}hylogeography ; {S}ystematics ; {T}axonomy ; {AFRIQUE} {DU} {NORD} ; {MOYEN} {ORIENT} ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}olecular {P}hylogenetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {103},
  numero = {},
  pages = {6--18},
  ISSN = {1055-7903},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.003},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068118},
}