@article{fdi:010068109,
  title = {{M}alaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of {G}abon : comparison of the {P}fmdr 1 and {P}fcrt genotypes from symptomatic children},
  author = {{M}aghendji-{N}zondo, {S}. and {K}ouna, {L}. {C}. and {M}ourembou, {G}. and {B}oundenga, {L}. and {I}mboumy-{L}imoukou, {R}. {K}. and {M}atsiegui, {P}. {B}. and {M}anego-{Z}oleko, {R}. and {M}batchi, {B}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier and {T}oure-{N}douo, {F}. and {L}ekana-{D}ouki, {J}. {B}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {A}rtesunate-amodiaquine ({AS}-{AQ}) and artemether-lumefantrine ({AL}) are first-and second-line treatments for uncomplicated {P}lasmodium falciparum malaria in {G}abon. {AL} remains highly efficacious, but its widespread use has led to molecular selection of the {NFD} haplotype on {P}fmdr1 and {K}76 in {P}fcrt. {I}n this study, plasmodial infection characteristics and the distribution of the {P}fmdr1 and {P}fcrt genotypes involved in reduced efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy ({ACT}) were investigated in four {G}abonese localities. {M}ethods: {A} cross-sectional study was conducted in the paediatric units of rural ({L}astourville and {F}ougamou), semiurban ({K}oula-{M}outou) and urban ({F}ranceville) areas. {M}alaria was diagnosed with the rapid diagnostic test {O}ptimal-{IT} ({R}) and confirmed by blood smear. {P}fmdr1 codons 86, 184 and 1246 and {P}fcrt codon 76 were genotyped by {PCR}-{RFLP} and sequencing. {R}esults: {A}mong 1129 included children, the prevalence of plasmodial infection was 79.5 % at {L}astourville, 53.6 % at {F}ougamou, 36.1 % at {K}oula-{M}outou, and 21.2 % at {F}ranceville. {T}he prevalence was significantly higher among children over 60 months of age in both semi-urban (p = 0.01) and urban (p = 0.004) areas. {T}he prevalence of {P}fmdr1 wild-type {N}86 differed significantly between {L}astourville (57.8 %) and {K}oula-{M}outou (45.4 %) (p = 0.039). {N}o difference in 184{F}-carrying parasites was found between {L}astourville (73.8 %), {F}ougamou (81.6 %), {K}oula-{M}outou (83.2 %), and {F}ranceville (80.6 %) (p = 0.240). {T}he prevalence of wild-type {D}1246 was significantly different between {L}astourville (94.1 %), {K}oula-{M}outou (85.6 %) and {F}ranceville (87.3 %) (p = 0.01). {T}he frequency of wild-type {K}76 was not significantly different across the four sites: {L}astourville (16.5 %), {F}ougamou (27.8 %), {K}oula-{M}outou (17.4 %), and {F}ranceville (29.4 %) (p = 0.09). {T}he mixed genotypes were only found in {L}astourville and {F}ranceville. {T}he {NFD}, {YFD} and {NYD} haplotypes were mainly {L}astourville (46.6, 25.8, 14.0 %), {F}ougamou (45.5, 9.1, 42.4 %), {K}oula-{M}outou (35, 6.7, 40.4 %), and {F}ranceville (40.0, 16.0, 32.0 %). {C}onclusion: {T}his study shows an increase in the prevalence of childhood plasmodial infection in {G}abon according to the low socio-economic level, and a high frequency of markers associated with {AL} treatment failure. {C}lose monitoring of {ACT} use is needed.},
  keywords = {{P}fmdr1 ; {P}fcrt ; {H}aplotype ; {ACT} ; {R}esistance ; {SNP}s ; {C}hildren ; {G}abon ; {GABON}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {15},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 420 [9 p.]},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1186/s12936-016-1469-1},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068109},
}