@article{fdi:010068108,
  title = {{I}nvestigation of mechanisms of bendiocarb resistance in {A}nopheles gambiae populations from the city of {Y}aounde, {C}ameroon},
  author = {{A}ntonio-{N}kondjio, {C}. and {P}oupardin, {R}. and {T}ene, {B}. {F}. and {K}opya, {E}. and {C}ostantini, {C}arlo and {A}wono-{A}mbene, {P}. and {W}ondji, {C}. {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {R}esistance to the carbamate insecticide bendiocarb is emerging in {A}nopheles gambiae populations from the city of {Y}aounde in {C}ameroon. {H}owever, the molecular basis of this resistance remains uncharacterized. {T}he present study objective is to investigate mechanisms promoting resistance to bendiocarb in {A}n. gambiae populations from {Y}aounde. {M}ethods: {T}he level of susceptibility of {A}n. gambiae s.l. to bendiocarb 0.1 % was assessed from 2010 to 2013 using bioassays. {M}osquitoes resistant to bendiocarb, unexposed and susceptible mosquitoes were screened for the presence of the {A}ce-1({R}) mutation using {T}aq{M}an assays. {M}icroarray analyses were performed to assess the pattern of genes differentially expressed between resistant, unexposed and susceptible. {R}esults: {B}endiocarb resistance was more prevalent in mosquitoes originating from cultivated sites compared to those from polluted and unpolluted sites. {B}oth {A}n. gambiae and {A}nopheles coluzzii were found to display resistance to bendiocarb. {N}o {G}119{S} mutation was detected suggesting that resistance was mainly metabolic. {M}icroarray analysis revealed the over-expression of several cytochrome {P}450 s genes including cyp6z3, cyp6z1, cyp12f2, cyp6m3 and cyp6p4. {G}ene ontology ({GO}) enrichment analysis supported the detoxification role of cytochrome {P}450 s with several {GO} terms associated with {P}450 activity significantly enriched in resistant samples. {O}ther detoxification genes included {UDP}-glucosyl transferases, glutathione-{S} transferases and {ABC} transporters. {C}onclusion: {T}he study highlights the probable implication of metabolic mechanisms in bendiocarb resistance in {A}n. gambiae populations from {Y}aounde and stresses the need for further studies leading to functional validation of detoxification genes involved in this resistance.},
  keywords = {{B}endiocarb resistance ; {A}nopheles gambiae ; {P}450 monooxygenase ; metabolic ; resistance ; {Y}aounde ; {C}ameroon ; {CAMEROUN} ; {YAOUNDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {15},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 424 [11 p.]},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1186/s12936-016-1483-3},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068108},
}