@article{fdi:010067781,
  title = {{O}ver six thousand {T}rypanosoma cruzi strains classified into discrete typing units ({DTU}s) : attempt at an inventory},
  author = {{B}reni{\`e}re, {S}imone {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}rique and {W}aleckx, {E}. and {B}arnab{\'e}, {C}hristian},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}rypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of {C}hagas disease, presents wide genetic diversity. {C}urrently, six discrete typing units ({DTU}s), named {T}c{I} to {T}c{VI}, and a seventh one called {T}c{B}at are used for strain typing. {B}eyond the debate concerning this classification, this systematic review has attempted to provide an inventory by compiling the results of 137 articles that have used it. {A} total of 6,343 {DTU} identifications were analyzed according to the geographical and host origins. {N}inety-one percent of the data available is linked to {S}outh {A}merica. {T}his sample, although not free of potential bias, nevertheless provides today's picture of {T}. cruzi genetic diversity that is closest to reality. {DTU}s were genotyped from 158 species, including 42 vector species. {R}emarkably, {T}c{I} predominated in the overall sample (around 60%), in both sylvatic and domestic cycles. {T}his {DTU} known to present a high genetic diversity, is very widely distributed geographically, compatible with a long-term evolution. {T}he marsupial is thought to be its most ancestral host and the {G}ran {C}haco region the place of its putative origin. {T}c{II} was rarely sampled (9.6%), absent, or extremely rare in {N}orth and {C}entral {A}merica, and more frequently identified in domestic cycles than in sylvatic cycles. {I}t has a low genetic diversity and has probably found refuge in some mammal species. {I}t is thought to originate in the south-{A}mazon area. {T}c{III} and {T}c{IV} were also rarely sampled. {T}hey showed substantial genetic diversity and are thought to be composed of possible polyphyletic subgroups. {E}ven if they are mostly associated with sylvatic transmission cycles, a total of 150 human infections with these {DTU}s have been reported. {T}c{V} and {T}c{VI} are clearly associated with domestic transmission cycles. {L}ess than 10% of these {DTU}s were identified together in sylvatic hosts. {T}hey are thought to originate in the {G}ran {C}haco region, where they are predominant and where putative parents exist ({T}c{II} and {T}c{III}). {T}rends in host-{DTU} specificities exist, but generally it seems that the complexity of the cycles and the participation of numerous vectors and mammal hosts in a shared area, maintains {DTU} diversity.},
  keywords = {{AMERIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {e0004792 [19 p.]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0004792},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010067781},
}