@article{fdi:010067662,
  title = {{M}odeling soil evaporation efficiency in a range of soil and atmospheric conditions using a meta-analysis approach},
  author = {{M}erlin, {O}livier and {S}tefan, {V}. {G}. and {A}mazirh, {A}. and {C}hanzy, {A}. and {C}eschia, {E}. and {E}r-{R}aki, {S}. and {G}entine, {P}. and {T}allec, {T}. and {E}zzahar, {J}. and {B}ircher, {S}. and {B}eringer, {J}. and {K}habba, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} meta-analysis data-driven approach is developed to represent the soil evaporative efficiency ({SEE}) defined as the ratio of actual to potential soil evaporation. {T}he new model is tested across a bare soil database composed of more than 30 sites around the world, a clay fraction range of 0.02-0.56, a sand fraction range of 0.05-0.92, and about 30,000 acquisition times. {SEE} is modeled using a soil resistance (r(ss)) formulation based on surface soil moisture () and two resistance parameters rss,ref and (efolding). {T}he data-driven approach aims to express both parameters as a function of observable data including meteorological forcing, cut-off soil moisture value 1/2 at which {SEE}=0.5, and first derivative of {SEE} at 1/2, named 1/2-1. {A}n analytical relationship between (rss,ref;efolding) and (1/2;1/2-1) is first built by running a soil energy balance model for two extreme conditions with r(ss)=0 and rss approximate to using meteorological forcing solely, and by approaching the middle point from the two (wet and dry) reference points. {T}wo different methods are then investigated to estimate the pair (1/2;<mml:msubsup>1/2-1) either from the time series of {SEE} and observations for a given site, or using the soil texture information for all sites. {T}he first method is based on an algorithm specifically designed to accomodate for strongly nonlinear {SEE}() relationships and potentially large random deviations of observed {SEE} from the mean observed {SEE}(). {T}he second method parameterizes 1/2 as a multi-linear regression of clay and sand percentages, and sets 1/2-1 to a constant mean value for all sites. {T}he new model significantly outperformed the evaporation modules of {ISBA} ({I}nteraction {S}ol-{B}iosphere-{A}tmosphere), {H}-{TESSEL} ({H}ydrology-{T}iled {ECMWF} {S}cheme for {S}urface {E}xchange over {L}and), and {CLM} ({C}ommunity {L}and {M}odel). {I}t has potential for integration in various land-surface schemes, and real calibration capabilities using combined thermal and microwave remote sensing data.},
  keywords = {evaporation ; soil ; modeling ; texture ; moisture},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{W}ater {R}esources {R}esearch},
  volume = {52},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {3663--3684},
  ISSN = {0043-1397},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1002/2015wr018233},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010067662},
}