@article{fdi:010066895,
  title = {{C}ircumsporozoite protein rates, blood-feeding pattern and frequency of knockdown resistance mutations in {A}nopheles spp. in two ecological zones of {M}auritania},
  author = {{L}ekweiry, {K}. {M}. and {O}uld {A}hmedou {S}alem, {M}. {S}. and {C}otteaux-{L}autard, {C}. and {J}arjaval, {F}. and {M}arin-{J}auffre, {A}. and {B}ogreau, {H}. and {B}asco, {L}eonardo and {B}riolant, {S}. and {O}uld {M}ohamed {S}alem {B}oukhary, {A}. and {O}uld {B}rahim, {K}. and {P}ages, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {M}osquitoes belonging to {A}nopheles gambiae species complex are the main malaria vector in {M}auritania but data on their vector capacities, feeding habits and insecticide susceptibility are still scanty. {T}he objectives of this study were to fill this gap. {M}ethods: {A}dult {A}nopheles spp. mosquitoes were collected using pyrethrum spray catch method from two ecological zones of {M}auritania: {N}ouakchott ({S}aharan zone) and {H}odh {E}lgharbi region ({S}ahelian zone). {C}ircumsporozoite proteins ({CSP}) for {P}. falciparum, {P}. vivax {VK}210 and {P}. vivax {VK}247 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ({ELISA}) from the female anopheline mosquitoes. {T}o confirm {CSP}-{ELISA} results, polymerase chain reaction ({PCR}) was also performed. {B}lood meal identification was performed in all engorged females by partial sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. {M}olecular assessments of pyrethroid knockdown resistance (kdr) and insensitive acetylcholinesterase resistance (ace-1) were conducted. {R}esults: {I}n {N}ouakchott, the only species of {A}nopheles identified during the survey was {A}nopheles arabiensis (356 specimens). {I}n {H}odh {E}lgharbi, 1016 specimens of {A}nopheles were collected, including 578 (56.9 %) {A}nopheles rufipes, 410 (40.35 %) {A}n. arabiensis, 20 (1.96 %) {A}n. gambiae, 5 (0.5 %) {A}n. pharoensis and 3 (0.3 %) {A}n. funestus. {T}hree of 186 female {A}n. arabiensis collected in {N}ouakchott and tested by {ELISA} were found positive for {P}lasmodium vivax {VK}210, corresponding to a sporozoite rate of 1.6 %; however {PCR} confirmed infection by {P}. vivax sporozoite in only one of these. {I}n {H}odh {E}lgharbi, no mosquito was found positive for {P}lasmodium spp. infection. {T}here was a statistically significant difference in the percentage of human blood-fed {A}nopheles spp. between {N}ouakchott (58.7 %, 47 of 80 blood-engorged {A}n. arabiensis females) and {H}odh {E}lgharbi (11.1 %, 2 of 18 blood-engorged mosquitoes). {A}nalysis of the kdr polymorphisms showed 48.2 % (70/145) of {E}ast {A}frican kdr mutation ({L}1014{S}) in {N}ouakchott compared to 10 % (4/40) in {H}odh {E}lgharbi region ({P} < 0.001). {N}evertheless, {W}est {A}frican kdr mutation ({L}1014{F}) was found only in {A}n. gambiae populations (4/40, 10 %) from {H}odh {E}lgharbi region. {N}o ace-1 mutation was found in mosquito specimens from the two study zones. {C}onclusions: {O}verall, this study confirmed the autochthonous {P}. vivax malaria transmission in {N}ouakchott, involving {A}n. arabiensis as the main vector. {I}t also described for the first time the absence of ace-1 mutation, the co-occurrence of both {W}est and {E}ast {A}frican kdr mutation in {A}n. gambiae in {M}auritania, and highlighted the regional variations in the prevalence and type of kdr mutations.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles arabiensis ; {A}nopheles gambiae (s.s.) ; {CSP}-{ELISA} ; {B}lood meal ; {P}lasmodium vivax {VK}210 ; {M}auritania ; {MAURITANIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 268 [10 p.]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-016-1543-0},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066895},
}