@article{fdi:010066701,
  title = {{S}alinisation impacts in life cycle assessment : a review of challenges and options towards their consistent integration},
  author = {{P}ayen, {S}. and {B}asset-{M}ens, {C}. and {N}unez, {M}. and {F}ollain, {S}. and {G}runberger, {O}livier and {M}arlet, {S}. and {P}erret, {S}. and {R}oux, {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}alinisation is a threat not only to arable land but also to freshwater resources. {N}evertheless, salinisation impacts have been rarely and only partially included in life cycle assessment ({LCA}) so far. {T}he objectives of this review paper were to give a comprehensive overview of salinisation mechanisms due to human interventions, analyse the completeness, relevance and scientific robustness of existing published methods addressing salinisation in {LCA} and provide recommendations towards a comprehensive integration of salinisation within the impact modelling frameworks in {LCA}. {F}irst, with the support of salinisation experts and related literature, we highlighted multiple causes of soil and water salinisation and presented induced effects on human health, ecosystems and resources. {S}econd, existing life cycle impact assessment ({LCIA}) methods addressing salinisation were analysed against the {I}nternational {R}eference {L}ife {C}ycle {D}ata {S}ystem analysis grid of the {E}uropean {C}ommission. {T}hird, adopting a holistic approach, the modelling options for salinisation impacts were analysed in agreement with up-to-date {LCIA} frameworks and models. {W}e proposed a categorisation of salinisation processes in four main types based on salinisation determinism: land use change, irrigation, brine disposal and overuse of a water body. {F}or each salinisation type, key human management and biophysical factors involved were identified. {A}lthough the existing methods addressing salinisation in {LCA} are important and relevant contributions, they are often incomplete with regards to both the salinisation pathways they address and their geographical validity. {T}hus, there is a lack of a consistent framework for salinisation impact assessment in {LCA}. {I}n analysing existing {LCIA} models, we discussed the inventory and impact assessment boundary options. {T}he land use/land use change framework represents a good basis for the integration of salinisation impacts due to a land use change but should be completed to account for off-site impacts. {C}onversely, the land use/land use change framework is not appropriate to model salinisation due to irrigation, overuse of a water body and brine disposal. {F}or all salinisation pathways, a bottom-up approach describing the environmental mechanisms (fate, exposure and effect) is recommended rather than an empirical or top-down approach because (i) salts and water are mobile and theirs effects are interconnected; (ii) water and soil characteristics vary greatly spatially; (iii) this approach allows the evaluation of both on- and off-site impacts and (iv) it is the best way to discriminate systems and support a reliable eco-design. {T}his paper highlights the importance of including salinisation impacts in {LCA}. {M}uch research effort is still required to include salinisation impacts in a global, consistent and operational manner in {LCA}, and this paper provides the basis for future methodological developments.},
  keywords = {{I}rrigation ; {L}and use change ; {L}ife cycle impact assessment ; {L}ife cycle inventory ; {S}alinisation ; {S}oil ; {R}esource ; {W}ater},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {L}ife {C}ycle {A}ssessment},
  volume = {21},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {577--594},
  ISSN = {0948-3349},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1007/s11367-016-1040-x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066701},
}