@article{fdi:010066470,
  title = {{I}mpact of multi-micronutrient fortified rice on hemoglobin, iron and vitamin {A} status of {C}ambodian schoolchildren : a double-blind cluster-randomized controlled trial},
  author = {{P}erignon, {M}arl{\`e}ne and {F}iorentino, {M}arion and {K}uong, {K}. and {D}ijkhuizen, {M}.{A}. and {B}urja, {K}. and {P}arker, {M}. and {C}hamnan, {C}. and {B}erger, {J}acques and {W}ieringa, {F}ranck},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n {C}ambodia, micronutrient deficiencies remain a critical public health problem. {O}ur objective was to evaluate the impact of multi-micronutrient fortified rice ({MMFR}) formulations, distributed through a {W}orld {F}ood {P}rogram school-meals program ({WFP}-{SMP}), on the hemoglobin concentrations and iron and vitamin {A} ({VA}) status of {C}ambodian schoolchildren. {T}he {FORISCA}-{U}ltra{R}ice+{N}utri{R}ice study was a double-blind, cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial. {S}ixteen schools participating in {WFP}-{SMP} were randomly assigned to receive extrusion-fortified rice ({U}ltra{R}ice {O}riginal, {U}ltra{R}ice {N}ew ({URN}), or {N}utri{R}ice) or unfortified rice (placebo) six days a week for six months. {F}our additional schools not participating in {WFP}-{SMP} were randomly selected as controls. {A} total of 2440 schoolchildren (6-16 years old) participated in the biochemical study. {H}emoglobin, iron status, estimated using inflammation-adjusted ferritin and transferrin receptors concentrations, and {VA} status, assessed using inflammation-adjusted retinol-binding protein concentration, were measured at the baseline, as well as at three and six months. {B}aseline prevalence of anemia, depleted iron stores, tissue iron deficiency, marginal {VA} status and {VA} deficiency were 15.6%, 1.4%, 51.0%, 7.9%, and 0.7%, respectively. {T}he strongest risk factors for anemia were hemoglobinopathy, {VA} deficiency, and depleted iron stores (all p < 0.01). {A}fter six months, children receiving {N}utri{R}ice and {URN} had 4 and 5 times less risk of low {VA} status, respectively, in comparison to the placebo group. {H}emoglobin significantly increased (+0.8 g/{L}) after three months for the {URN} group in comparison to the placebo group; however, this difference was no longer significant after six months, except for children without inflammation. {MMFR} containing {VA} effectively improved the {VA} status of schoolchildren. {T}he impact on hemoglobin and iron status was limited, partly by sub-clinical inflammation. {MMFR} combined with non-nutritional approaches addressing anemia and inflammation should be further investigated.},
  keywords = {{CAMBODGE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}utrients},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {art. 29 [15  en ligne]},
  ISSN = {2072-6643},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.3390/nu8010029},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066470},
}