@article{fdi:010066191,
  title = {{C}omputational fluid dynamic simulations of maternal circulation : wall shear stress in the human placenta and its biological implications},
  author = {{L}ecarpentier, {E}. and {B}hatt, {M}. and {B}ertin, {G}. {I}. and {D}eloison, {B}. and {S}alomon, {L}. {J}. and {D}eloron, {P}hilippe and {F}ournier, {T}. and {B}arakat, {A}. {I}. and {T}satsaris, {V}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}ntroduction {I}n the human placenta the maternal blood circulates in the intervillous space ({IVS}). {T}he syncytiotrophoblast ({STB}) is in direct contact with maternal blood. {T}he wall shear stress ({WSS}) exerted by the maternal blood flow on the {STB} has not been evaluated. {O}ur objective was to determine the physiological {WSS} exerted on the surface of the {STB} during the third trimester of pregnancy. {M}aterial and {M}ethods {T}o gain insight into the shear stress levels that the {STB} is expected to experience in vivo, we have formulated three different computational models of varying levels of complexity that reflect different physical representations of the {IVS}. {C}omputations of the flow fields in all models were performed using the {CFD} module of the finite element code {COMSOL} {M}ulti-physics 4.4. {T}he mean velocity of maternal blood in the {IVS} during the third trimester was measured in vivo with dynamic {MRI} (0.94 +/- 0.14 mm.s(-1)). {T}o investigate if the in silico results are consistent with physiological observations, we studied the cytoadhesion of human parasitized ({P}lasmodium falciparum) erythrocytes to primary human {STB} cultures, in flow conditions with different {WSS} values. {R}esults {T}he {WSS} applied to the {STB} is highly heterogeneous in the {IVS}. {T}he estimated average values are relatively low (0.5 +/- 0.2 to 2.3 +/- 1.1 dyn.cm(-2)). {T}he increase of {WSS} from 0.15 to 5 dyn.cm(-2) was associated with a significant decrease of infected erythrocyte cytoadhesion. {N}o cytoadhesion of infected erythrocytes was observed above 5 dyn.cm(-2) applied for one hour. {C}onclusion {O}ur study provides for the first time a {WSS} estimation in the maternal placental circulation. {I}n spite of high maternal blood flow rates, the average {WSS} applied at the surface of the chorionic villi is low (<5 dyn.cm(-2)). {T}hese results provide the basis for future physiologicallyrelevant in vitro studies of the biological effects of {WSS} on the {STB}.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {e0147262 [ 18 p.]},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0147262},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066191},
}