@article{fdi:010066185,
  title = {{W}armer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the {N}orth {A}tlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years},
  author = {{M}artinez, {E}lodie and {R}aitsos, {D}. {E}. and {A}ntoine, {D}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}hifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. {W}e studied these linkages in the {N}orth {A}tlantic subpolar gyre ({NASG}), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. {W}e show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the {N}orth {A}tlantic {O}scillation ({NAO}). {I}n parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western {NASG}, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the {A}tlantic {M}ulti-decadal {O}scillation ({AMO}). {W}hile previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the {NASG} can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. {T}hese results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up ({NAO} control) and top-down ({AMO} control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. {A}s a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). {T}he prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales.},
  keywords = {{AMO} ; bottom-up processes and top-down control ; chlorophyll ; climate ; cycles ; {C}ontinuous {P}lankton {R}ecorder ; {NAO} ; {N}orth {A}tlantic subpolar gyre ; phytoplankton decadal variability ; plankton climate links ; {ATLANTIQUE} {NORD}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{G}lobal {C}hange {B}iology},
  volume = {22},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {604--612},
  ISSN = {1354-1013},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1111/gcb.13100},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066185},
}