@article{fdi:010066077,
  title = {{I}nvestigation of a deep ice core from the {E}lbrus western plateau, the {C}aucasus, {R}ussia},
  author = {{M}ikhalenko, {V}. and {S}okratov, {S}. and {K}utuzov, {S}. and {G}inot, {P}atrick and {L}egrand, {M}. and {P}reunkert, {S}. and {L}avrentiev, {I}. and {K}ozachek, {A}. and {E}kaykin, {A}. and {F}ain, {X}. and {L}im, {S}. and {S}chotterer, {U}. and {L}ipenkov, {V}. and {T}oropov, {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} 182m ice core was recovered from a borehole drilled into bedrock on the western plateau of {M}t. {E}lbrus (43 degrees 20' 53.9 ' {N}, 42 degrees 25'36.0 ' {E}; 5115ma.s.l.) in the {C}aucasus, {R}ussia, in 2009. {T}his is the first ice core in the region that represents a paleoclimate record that is practically undisturbed by seasonal melting. {R}elatively high snow accumulation rates at the drilling site enabled the analysis of the intraseasonal variability in climate proxies. {B}orehole temperatures ranged from -17 degrees {C} at 10m depth to -2.4 degrees {C} at 182 m. {A} detailed radio-echo sounding survey showed that the glacier thickness ranged from 45m near the marginal zone of the plateau up to 255m at the glacier center. {T}he ice core has been analyzed for stable isotopes (delta {O}-18 and delta {D}), major ions ({K}+, {N}a+, {C}a2+, {M}g2+, {NH}4+, {SO}42-, {NO}3-, {C}l-, {F}-), succinic acid ({HOOCCH}2{COOH}), and tritium content. {T}he mean annual net accumulation rate of 1455mmw : e : for the last 140 years was estimated from distinct annual oscillations of delta {O}-18, delta {D}, succinic acid, and {NH}4+. {A}nnual layer counting also helped date the ice core, agreeing with the absolute markers of the tritium 1963 bomb horizon located at the core depth of 50.7mw : e : and the sulfate peak of the {K}atmai eruption (1912) at 87.7mw : e : {A}ccording to mathematical modeling results, the ice age at the maximum glacier depth is predicted to be similar to 660 years {BP}. {T}he 2009 borehole is located downstream from this point, resulting in an estimated basal ice age of less than 350-400 years {BP} at the drilling site. {T}he glaciological and initial chemical analyses from the {E}lbrus ice core help reconstruct the atmospheric history of the {E}uropean region.},
  keywords = {{RUSSIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}ryosphere},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {2253--2270},
  ISSN = {1994-0416},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.5194/tc-9-2253-2015},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066077},
}