@article{fdi:010066017,
  title = {{W}ater budget on the {D}udh {K}oshi {R}iver ({N}epal) : uncertainties on precipitation},
  author = {{S}av{\'e}an, {M}arie and {D}elclaux, {F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {C}hevallier, {P}ierre and {W}agnon, {P}atrick and {G}onga-{S}aholiariliva, {N}. and {S}harma, {R}. and {N}eppel, {L}. and {A}rnaud, {Y}ves},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}lthough vital for millions of inhabitants, {H}imalayan water resources remain currently poorly known, mainly because of uncertainties on hydro-meteorological measurements. {I}n this study, the authors propose a new assessment of the water budget components of the {D}udh {K}oshi {R}iver basin (3720 km(2), {E}astern {N}epal), taking into account the associated uncertainties. {T}he water budget is studied through a cross analysis of field observations with the result of a daily hydrological conceptual distributed snow model. {B}oth observed datasets of spatialized precipitations, interpolated with a co-kriging method, and of discharge, provided by the hydrological agency of {N}epal, are completed by reanalysis data ({NCEP}/{NCAR}) for air temperature and potential evapotranspiration, as well as satellite snow products ({MOD}10{A}2) giving the dynamics of the snow cover area. {A}ccording to the observation, the water budget on the basin is significantly unbalanced; it is attributed to a large underestimation of precipitation, typical of high mountain areas. {B}y contrast, the water budget simulated by the modeling approach is well balanced; it is due to an unrealistic overestimation of the glacier melt volume. {A} reversing method led to assess the precipitation underestimation at around 80% of the annual amount. {A}fter the correction of the daily precipitation by this ratio, the simulated fluxes of rainfall, icemelt, and snowmelt gave 63%, 29%, and 8% of the annual discharge, respectively. {T}his basin-wide precipitation correction is likely to change in respect to topographic or geographic parameters, or in respect to seasons, but due to an insufficient knowledge of the precipitation spatial variability, this could not be investigated here, although this may significantly change the respective proportions for rain, ice or snow melt. 2015 {E}lsevier {B}.{V}. {A}ll rights reserved.},
  keywords = {{W}ater budget in high mountains ; {P}recipitation ; {H}ydrological {D}istributed ; {S}now {M}odel ; {S}now cover area ; {I}nput data reliability ; {C}entral {H}imalaya ; {NEPAL} ; {HIMALAYA} ; {DUDH} {KOSHI} {BASSIN} {VERSANT} ; {EVEREST}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {H}ydrology},
  volume = {531},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {850--862},
  ISSN = {0022-1694},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.10.040},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066017},
}